Hydrocarbon Nomenclature

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• Hydrocarbons

• AlkanesOnly single bonds = Saturated.Shape at bonds: Tetrahedral.Prefix: -ane

• AromaticCyclic, weird bonds, unsaturated

• Nomenclature

• Side chains   +   yl   +   Main chain

• Prefixes 1   Meth-  2   Eth-  3   Prop- 4   But- 5   Pent- 6   Hex- 7   Hept- 8   Oct- 9   Non- 10  Dec-Cycle  Cyclo+#

• M.chain must start at end closes to bonds/side groups and include all double/triple bonds.Bond location between hyphens.Single bond  -aneDouble bond  -eneTriple bond  -yneM.chainprefix(-location-)identifier

•  Locations on M.chain +S.chain c count (prefix)

• M.chain c count (prefix) + bond location & identifier

• S.chains w/ same count: location1,location2-numberprefix+countprefixS.chains w/ different count:location-prefix(-location-prefix)

• Locations separated by a comma & followed by a hyphen and number of chains (prefix) + chain count (prefix). 

• Location, hyphen, chain count (prefix)

• AlkenesAt least 1 double bond = Unsaturated.Shape at d.bonds: Trigonal planarPrefix: -ene

• AlkynesAt least 1 triple bond = Unsaturated.Shape at t.bonds: LinearPrefix: -yne