Biology Unit 3: Detecting & Responding

1. Receptor
   1. Communication System
      1. Effector
         1. Response
            1. Feedback

1. Neurons
   1. Motor
   2. Sensory
   3. Connecting
2. Brain and Spine (CNS)
3. (PNS)
4. Action/Resting Potentials
   1. Depolarisation
   2. Repolarisation
   3. Refactory Period
   4. Synapes
   5. Neurotransmitters

1. Hormones
2. Glands

1. Protein Based

   Anmerkungen:

   • CHON   lipophobic, hydrophillic
2. Amino Acid Derivative

   Anmerkungen:

   • CHON   lipophobic, hydrophillic
3. Lipid Based

   Anmerkungen:

   • CHO? lipophillic, hydrophobic eg. steroids, sex hormones 

1. Apoptosis

1. Gibberelin
2. Auxin
3. Cytokinins
4. Ethylene
5. Abscisic Acid

1. Physical
   1. Bark
   2. Cuticle
   3. Cell Wall
2. Chemical
   1. Enzymes
   2. Toxic Compounds
3. Both Physical & Chemical
   1. Galls

1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Single celled Protozoa
4. Multicellular Parasites

   Anmerkungen:

   • Endo/Exo

1. Viruses
2. Prions

1. Vaccine

   Anmerkungen:

   • Prevent Disease
2. Immunisation

   Anmerkungen:

   • acquiring immunity against disease

1. Heavy & Light Chain
2. Binding Site

1. 1st Line
   1. Intact Skin
   2. Tears
   3. Saliva
   4. Sweat
2. 2nd Line
   1. Specialised Cells
      1. Phagocytes
         1. Macrophages
         2. Neutrophils
      2. Inflammatory Cells
         1. Mast Cells
            1. Histamine
      3. Cytotoxic Cells
      4. Dendritic Cells
      5. Natural Killer Cells
   2. Molecules
      1. Complement Proteins
      2. Interferons
      3. Cytokines

1. Humoral

   Anmerkungen:

   • In body fluid
   1. B Cells
   2. Antibodies
   3. Helper T Cells
   4. Cytokines
   5. MHC I Marker
   6. Memory B Cells
   7. Plasma Cells
2. Cell Mediated

   Anmerkungen:

   • Within an infected cell
   1. T Cells
   2. Antigens
   3. Cytokines
   4. T Cell Receptors
   5. Antigen Presenting Cells
      1. Dendritic Cells
      2. Macrophages
      3. B Lymphocytes
   6. MHC II Marker
   7. Cytotoxic T Celll
   8. Helper T Cell
   9. Memory T Cells

Anmerkungen:

• glycoproteins, also known as immunoglobulins

1. Coeliac
2. Type 1 Diabetes
3. Rheumatoid arthritis

1. Allergies
   1. Allergen

      Anmerkungen:

      • Pollen, Nuts etc.
2. Organ Transplant

1. Passive

   Anmerkungen:

   • Maternal Antibodies 
2. Active

   Anmerkungen:

   • undergoes humoral or cell medicated response

1. Passive

   Anmerkungen:

   • antibody transfer (antibody serum for poison)
2. Active

   Anmerkungen:

   • immunisation