Zusammenfassung der Ressource
England's Political Change
- The Tudors
- Henry VIII
- Elizabeth
- daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII; in the
'Via Media" with religion, only slightly Catholic;
strung Philip of Spain along for 20 years until he
invaded
- the English fleet and
storms destroyed the
Spanish Armada and
weakened Spain
- died with no heir, so the line
jumped to the Stuarts
- Mary
- daughter of Catherine and Henry VIII; Catholic
and furious; tried to use force to return
England to Catholicism but failed; the people
hated her and called her "Bloody Mary"
- reign began in 1509; a loyal Catholic and titled
"Defender of the Faith"; switched to
Protestantism so he could divorce his first wife;
beheaded his second wife; seized Catholic
Church lands and gave them to nobles so they
would stay loyal to Protestantism
- Edward VI
- son of Jane and Henry VIII; took the throne at age 9 while
Thomas Cranmer made the Anglican Church more Protestant
and wrote the Book of Common Prayer; died young
- The Stuarts
- James I
- Charles I
- Charles II
- took the throne bloodlessly, but was
Catholic and wanted to convert;
failed in his attempts as Parliament
was Protestant
- Parliament held
Catholic lands
- James II
- William and Mary
- William invaded England and let James II
abdicate the throne; he and Mary were made
equal monarchs with less power, so Parliament
had more
- Anne
- took the throne after
William and Mary died, and
was childless
- the line jumped to the Hanovers
- very Catholic and wanted to convert;
threatened to disband Parliament; had
two Protestant daughters, but a son by
his second wife who was also Catholic
- English people went to
William of Orange to
ask him to invade, and
he did
- Oliver Cromwell as "Lord Protector"
- General George Monck as "Lord Protector"
- Cromwell's second-in-command; wanted
Parliament back, but knew the
monarchy had to come with it, so he
asked Charles II to come back from exile
in France
- tried to rule with Parliament,
but disbanded them and made
a military dictatorship where
Puritans were in control
- disbanded Parliament from 1629 to
1640 and caused a civil war, which
Parliament and the Puritans won
- Oliver Cromwell had
him beheaded as a
result
- actually James VI of Scotland;
unpleasant but bright, and fought
Parliament on religion, money, and
foreign policy