England's Political Change

Beschreibung

Describe the progression of England's politics from Henry VIII to William and Mary.
Erin Harrison
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Erin Harrison
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

England's Political Change
  1. The Tudors
    1. Henry VIII
      1. Elizabeth
        1. daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII; in the 'Via Media" with religion, only slightly Catholic; strung Philip of Spain along for 20 years until he invaded
          1. the English fleet and storms destroyed the Spanish Armada and weakened Spain
            1. died with no heir, so the line jumped to the Stuarts
          2. Mary
            1. daughter of Catherine and Henry VIII; Catholic and furious; tried to use force to return England to Catholicism but failed; the people hated her and called her "Bloody Mary"
            2. reign began in 1509; a loyal Catholic and titled "Defender of the Faith"; switched to Protestantism so he could divorce his first wife; beheaded his second wife; seized Catholic Church lands and gave them to nobles so they would stay loyal to Protestantism
              1. Edward VI
                1. son of Jane and Henry VIII; took the throne at age 9 while Thomas Cranmer made the Anglican Church more Protestant and wrote the Book of Common Prayer; died young
            3. The Stuarts
              1. James I
                1. Charles I
                  1. Charles II
                    1. took the throne bloodlessly, but was Catholic and wanted to convert; failed in his attempts as Parliament was Protestant
                      1. Parliament held Catholic lands
                    2. James II
                      1. William and Mary
                        1. William invaded England and let James II abdicate the throne; he and Mary were made equal monarchs with less power, so Parliament had more
                        2. Anne
                          1. took the throne after William and Mary died, and was childless
                            1. the line jumped to the Hanovers
                          2. very Catholic and wanted to convert; threatened to disband Parliament; had two Protestant daughters, but a son by his second wife who was also Catholic
                            1. English people went to William of Orange to ask him to invade, and he did
                          3. Oliver Cromwell as "Lord Protector"
                            1. General George Monck as "Lord Protector"
                              1. Cromwell's second-in-command; wanted Parliament back, but knew the monarchy had to come with it, so he asked Charles II to come back from exile in France
                              2. tried to rule with Parliament, but disbanded them and made a military dictatorship where Puritans were in control
                              3. disbanded Parliament from 1629 to 1640 and caused a civil war, which Parliament and the Puritans won
                                1. Oliver Cromwell had him beheaded as a result
                              4. actually James VI of Scotland; unpleasant but bright, and fought Parliament on religion, money, and foreign policy
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