Critical Path Analysis (CPA), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) & Gantt Charts (A2 ICT)

Beschreibung

Describe, interpret and create Critical path analysis and Gantt charts and for each explain its suitability for use in a given application.
John Monge
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Critical Path Analysis (CPA), Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) & Gantt Charts (A2 ICT)
  1. What is Critical Path Analysis?
    1. Definition - Shows the relationship between the different parts of the project. The process of identifying how the tasks within the project fit together so that all tasks occur in a logical order.
      1. Identifies the critical path for a project - each stage of the path will take maximum time to complete.
        1. Defines a critical path in order for the project to be successful and completed in time.
          1. Enables resources to be allocated provisionally.
            1. The application of slack, lead and lag time can be built over to cover any slippage in the project.
              1. Provides a firm idea tasks and projects are supposed to be completed.
                1. The process identifies all of the tasks planned within the project, which fits together. Therefore, all tasks occurring will lead in a logical order with minimal delay and resourcing issues.
                  1. Important that enough time is allocated to each task
                    1. The project manager can see the order in which tasks have been completed
                    2. What is a Gantt Chart?
                      1. Definition - A diagram that shows each task as a block of time. Each block of time is labelled with the title/description of the task and the amount of time the block represents
                        1. Displays how long the activity/task is expected to take and the order in which these will occur.
                          1. Contains: Milstones - important checkpoints or interim goals for a project, Resources - people/equipment needed, Status - shows the progress of each task, Dependencies - activities which are dependent on activities being completed first or at the same time
                            1. Modelling how long the overall project will take and where the projected pressure points are.
                              1. Show the critical path as the longest sequence of dependent tasks.
                              2. What is Programme Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)?
                                1. Definition - A PERT chart is a project management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate tasks within a project. A methodology developed by the U.S. Navy in the 1950s to manage the Polaris submarine missile program. It has the potential to reduce the time taken for the project to be planned out and also costs.
                                  1. The PERT chart presents a graphic illustration of a project as a network diagram consisting of numbered nodes representing events, or milestones in the project linked by labelled vectors representing tasks in the project.
                                    1. Each directional lines indicate the sequence of tasks.
                                    2. Keywords
                                      1. Milestone - marking the completion of one or more activities
                                        1. Activity - A task that must be performed
                                          1. Slack time - when a non-critical path activity can be delayed without delaying the project is referred to as slack time.
                                          2. Before an activity can start, all predecessor activities must be completed, Most models present a list of activities and milestones by arcs and nodes.
                                            1. Steps of planning a PERT system
                                              1. 1) Identify the specific activities and milestones
                                                1. 2) Determine the proper sequence of the activities
                                                  1. 3) Construct a network diagram
                                                    1. 4) Estimate the time required for each activity
                                                      1. 5) Determine the critical path
                                                        1. 7) Update the PERT chart as the project progresses
                                              2. The PERT chart can be modified to reflect on the new situation. The estimated times can be replaced with actual times.
                                                1. Advantages
                                                  1. Expected project completion time.
                                                    1. Probability of completion before a specified date.
                                                      1. The critical path activities that directly impact the completion time
                                                        1. The activities that have slack tine and that can lend resources to critical path activities.
                                                          1. Listing the start and end dates of an activity
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