History

History

Galen
1. Did a pig demonstration
  1. Proved brain controls speech - not heart
  2. Cut nerves in pig's brain
2. Dissection
  1. Human dissection was forbidden
    1. Dissected a human in Alexandria
  2. Dissected apes so was often incorrect
    1. Two jaw bones and one kidney higher than the other (correct about apes not humans)
3. Clinical Observation
  1. Observe
  2. Record
  3. Predict
  4. Treat
Hippocrates
1. Four Humours
  1. Yellow bile
  2. Black Bile
  3. Blood
  4. Phlegm
2. Programme of Health
  1. Summer
    1. Eat less
    2. Drink more
  2. Winter
    1. Eat more
    2. Drink less
Islamic Medicine
1. Helped
  1. Wrote a medical encyclopedia
  2. Studied the medical qualities of over 700 drugs
  3. Corrected Galen's work on blood circulation
2. Hindered
  1. Human dissection was forbidden
  2. Believed the Koran knew everything - didn't discover anything new.
  3. Believed theory was better than practical
The Black Death
1. Two types of plague
  1. Bubonic plague
    1. Spread by rats
    2. Symptoms
      1. Painful swelling (buboes)
      2. Lingered for a few days before death
      3. Headaches
      4. Nausea
      5. Oozing pus
  2. Pneumonic Plague
    1. Spread by sneezing and coughing
    2. Symptoms
      1. Died quicker than bubonic plague victims
      2. Chills
      3. Exhausation
      4. Sneezing
      5. Coughing
2. What people thought caused the plague
  1. Bad smells (miasma)
  2. Poisonous air
  3. Inappropriate clothing/behaviour
  4. God and The Devil
  5. Evil humours
3. Plague doctors
  1. Leather gloves, hat and breeches to make sure the doctor was not in contact with the disease
  2. Waxed cloak prevented contact with illness, the layer of wax was to put more layers between the doctor and the plague
  3. They had sticks to drive away anyone they believed to be infected
  4. The mask had glass in the eye holes so the doctor was still able to see but his eyes were protected
  5. Their masks took the shape of a beak as they were stuffed with perfume and spices as plague doctors were strong believers in miasma
4. Things they did to try to stop it
  1. Flagellums whipped themselves as a way of getting God to stop the plague
  2. Plague victims were locked inside their homes which were then marked with an 'x'
  3. Held poses of flowers and spices to their noses
  4. Plague victims were buried quickly
  5. People ran away
  6. Prayed

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