Counter-Urbanisation

decline of proportion of the population living in urban areas due to people moving out of cities into rural areas
Causes
1. increased urban prices
2. people want to escape air pollution dirt and crime
3. want a cleaner and safer area
4. more people work from home due to increased technology
5. farms sell unwanted land due to struggle
Effects
1. increased value in housing in urban areas
2. increased pressure on green-belt land
3. local services close
4. older houses are converted and modernised
5. tension between new comers and locals
Impacts on rural areas
1. Positive
  1. some services see an increase in business
    1. new residents are usually professionals with high income
  2. existing houses are improved and renovated
    1. farmers make money selling unwanted land and buildings for development
  3. local schools often close but if more people move in they can stay open
2. Negative
  1. development can affect the character of rural settlements
  2. rural roads and infrastructure may struggle to cope with additional traffic
    1. increase in pollution
  3. schools may close if the new residents are older
  4. house price increase
Managing effects
1. developments are only allowed if they are keeping with the rest of the area - only particular materials
2. some companies offer mobile services that visit rural areas
3. local occupancy clauses on houses so locals can afford to stay in the area
Case Study
1. Cambridgeshire, England Population 16,340 picturesque historical town
2. many attractions, quiet suburban area, high order shopping, 15th century chapel and the St.Ives bridge
3. Many commute to london for work, others are elderly
4. housing in the area is affordable and in high demand
5. shops and services have changed due to population alterations - high status restaurants
6. pressure to increase the housing stock is greater and fuelled by demand from commuters
  1. resistance to building more homes from locals as they don't want their environment changing
7. plans to expand primary schools, £8.8m flood protection along river great ouse, improved transport and plans for more affordable housing

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Counter-Urbanisation

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