Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Language Acquisition
- Frameworks (AO1)
Anmerkungen:
- Select and apply a range of linguistic methods, to communicate relevent knowlege using appropriate terminology and coherent, accurate writeen expression.
- Lexis/Semantics
- Over-extension
Anmerkungen:
- Uses words in a broad sense
- Under-extension
Anmerkungen:
- Uses words in a narrow sense
- Nelson
Anmerkungen:
- Classified childres first 50 words as:
Describing - 'Dirty', 'Nice', 'Pretty'
Personal - 'Bye', 'Hi'
Actions or Events - 'Down', 'More', 'Up'
Naming things/people - 'Ball', 'Daddy', 'Juice'
- Grammar/Syntax
- Three Main Stages to Grammatical Development
- Inflections
Anmerkungen:
- When '-ed' or '-es' is used when it is not needed - 'sheeps' instead of 'sheep' or 'goed' insead of 'goes'.
- Pragmatics
- Halliday's Functions of
Language
Anmerkungen:
- Instrumental - To express needs
Regulatory - to control others behaviour
Interactional - To relate to others
Heuristic - To gain knowlege
Personal - To express yourself
Imaginitively - To gain language imaginitively
Informative - To convey facts and information
- Phonology
- Biological Noises
Anmerkungen:
- (0-18 weeks) crying, coughing, cooing.
- Cooing and Laughing
Anmerkungen:
- (8-20 weeks) Short vowel noises
- Vocal Play
Anmerkungen:
- (20-30 weeks) 'cooing' develops into definate controlled sounds.
- Melodic Utterances
Anmerkungen:
- (36-72 weeks) - Intonation, rythm and melody develop.
- Babbling
Anmerkungen:
- The experimentation of sounds.
- Intonation
Anmerkungen:
- The rise and fall of voice when speaking.
- Phonemes
Anmerkungen:
- Small segements of sound.
- Linguistic Milestones (AO3)
- O MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Recognition of mothers voice
Distinguishes phonemes (small sounds)
Distinguishes own language over foreign languages.
- 4 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Child knows own name
Child is sentitive to word order
- 7 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Early Babbling
Understands first words, e.g - 'Mummy'.
- 12 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Jargoning - stress/intonation is used
First words are produced
- 18 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Understands around 50 words
Produces two-word utterances
- 24 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- Multi-word utterances are used
- 60 MONTHS OLD
Anmerkungen:
- 6,000 word capacity
Produces complex sentences
- Theorists (AO2)
- Lenneberg
- Suggested there was a critical period
for acquiring language
- Bruner
- Language is enriched
through social interaction
- Vygotsky
- Stresses the influence on
society/culture on language
acquisition
- Dore
- Looking into what children do with their
words, for example - repeating, questioning
and answering
- Chomsky
- Suggested biological
influences for acquiring
language (LAD)
- Skinner
- Reinforcing behaviour plays a vital
role in language development
- Stages to Acquisition
- Holophrastic, Two-word and Telegraphic
- Aitchison
- Labelling, Packaging and Network Building
- Halliday
- Instrumental, Personal,
Regulatory and Interactional