Language Acquisition

Beschreibung

Mindmap am Language Acquisition, erstellt von Flamegirl am 29/05/2013.
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Language Acquisition
  1. Frameworks (AO1)

    Anmerkungen:

    • Select and apply a range of linguistic methods, to communicate relevent knowlege using appropriate terminology and coherent, accurate writeen expression.
    1. Lexis/Semantics
      1. Over-extension

        Anmerkungen:

        • Uses words in a broad sense
        1. Under-extension

          Anmerkungen:

          • Uses words in a narrow sense
          1. Nelson

            Anmerkungen:

            • Classified childres first 50 words as: Describing - 'Dirty', 'Nice', 'Pretty' Personal - 'Bye', 'Hi' Actions or Events - 'Down', 'More', 'Up' Naming things/people - 'Ball', 'Daddy', 'Juice'
          2. Grammar/Syntax
            1. Three Main Stages to Grammatical Development
              1. Inflections

                Anmerkungen:

                • When '-ed' or '-es' is used when it is not needed - 'sheeps' instead of 'sheep' or 'goed' insead of 'goes'.
              2. Pragmatics
                1. Halliday's Functions of Language

                  Anmerkungen:

                  • Instrumental - To express needs Regulatory - to control others behaviour Interactional - To relate to others Heuristic - To gain knowlege Personal - To express yourself Imaginitively - To gain language imaginitively Informative - To convey facts and information
                2. Phonology
                  1. Biological Noises

                    Anmerkungen:

                    • (0-18 weeks) crying, coughing, cooing.
                    1. Cooing and Laughing

                      Anmerkungen:

                      • (8-20 weeks) Short vowel noises
                      1. Vocal Play

                        Anmerkungen:

                        • (20-30 weeks) 'cooing' develops into definate controlled sounds.
                        1. Melodic Utterances

                          Anmerkungen:

                          • (36-72 weeks) - Intonation, rythm and melody develop.
                          1. Babbling

                            Anmerkungen:

                            • The experimentation of sounds.
                            1. Intonation

                              Anmerkungen:

                              • The rise and fall of voice when speaking.
                              1. Phonemes

                                Anmerkungen:

                                • Small segements of sound.
                            2. Linguistic Milestones (AO3)
                              1. O MONTHS OLD

                                Anmerkungen:

                                • Recognition of mothers voice Distinguishes phonemes (small sounds) Distinguishes own language over foreign languages.
                                1. 4 MONTHS OLD

                                  Anmerkungen:

                                  • Child knows own name Child is sentitive to word order
                                  1. 7 MONTHS OLD

                                    Anmerkungen:

                                    • Early Babbling Understands first words, e.g - 'Mummy'.
                                    1. 12 MONTHS OLD

                                      Anmerkungen:

                                      • Jargoning - stress/intonation is used First words are produced
                                      1. 18 MONTHS OLD

                                        Anmerkungen:

                                        • Understands around 50 words Produces two-word utterances
                                        1. 24 MONTHS OLD

                                          Anmerkungen:

                                          • Multi-word utterances are used
                                          1. 60 MONTHS OLD

                                            Anmerkungen:

                                            • 6,000 word capacity Produces complex sentences
                                          2. Theorists (AO2)
                                            1. Lenneberg
                                              1. Suggested there was a critical period for acquiring language
                                              2. Bruner
                                                1. Language is enriched through social interaction
                                                2. Vygotsky
                                                  1. Stresses the influence on society/culture on language acquisition
                                                  2. Dore
                                                    1. Looking into what children do with their words, for example - repeating, questioning and answering
                                                    2. Chomsky
                                                      1. Suggested biological influences for acquiring language (LAD)
                                                      2. Skinner
                                                        1. Reinforcing behaviour plays a vital role in language development
                                                        2. Stages to Acquisition
                                                          1. Holophrastic, Two-word and Telegraphic
                                                          2. Aitchison
                                                            1. Labelling, Packaging and Network Building
                                                            2. Halliday
                                                              1. Instrumental, Personal, Regulatory and Interactional
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