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London in WWII (Historic Environment)

Beschreibung

GCSE History, Historic Environment Topic - London in WWII
Tyler Lowe
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Tyler Lowe
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

London in WWII (Historic Environment)
  1. Districts
    1. The East End
      1. Docks
        1. Factories
          1. Railway Termini
          2. Westminster
            1. Government buildings
              1. Houses of Parliament and Commons
                1. 10 Downing Street
                  1. Whitehall
                  2. Palace of Westminster
                    1. Important figures - Winston Churchill, King George VI, Exchequer
                      1. Ministries - Finance & Defence
                      2. The City
                        1. Financial institutions
                          1. Bank of England
                            1. Faraday Building
                              1. Stock Exchange
                              2. St. Paul's Cathedral
                                1. Rail hub
                                2. The Suburbs
                                  1. Residential area
                                    1. London's workforce
                                  2. Weapons dropped on London
                                    1. HX/HE bombs
                                      1. Parachute mines
                                        1. Butterfly bombs
                                        2. High Impact bombs
                                          1. Incendiary bombs
                                            1. Brandbombe - 'Fire bomb'
                                              1. Flammenbombe - 'Flame bomb'
                                                1. Sprengbombe C50 - 'Explosive bomb C50'
                                                2. V1 'Doodlebug'/'Kirschkern'
                                                  1. Pulsejet engine
                                                    1. Launched from ramps in Northern France and Belgium
                                                      1. 17% hit rate
                                                      2. V2
                                                        1. First ballistic missile
                                                          1. Stationed at Peenemunde
                                                            1. Wernher von Braun
                                                          2. Three phases
                                                            1. Phase 1: The Blitz (Sept. 1940 - May 1941)
                                                              1. HX bombs, High-impact bombs, Incendiary bombs
                                                                1. Firefighting
                                                                  1. Firewatchers
                                                                    1. Blackout
                                                                      1. ARP wardens
                                                                      2. Phase 2: The Little Blitz (Jan. 1944 - Sept. 1944)
                                                                        1. 474 German aircraft
                                                                          1. 329 German aircraft destroyed
                                                                            1. Average of 77 aircraft lost per month
                                                                            2. Achieved very little
                                                                            3. Phase 3: V1 attacks (Jun. 1944 - Sept. 1944), V2 attacks (Sept. 1944 - Mar. 1945)
                                                                              1. V1: 17% hit rate
                                                                                1. Most V1s hit the suburbs
                                                                                  1. V1: 2000 lbs of explosives
                                                                                    1. The British government lied to the public about the first V-2 attack, claiming the explosions to be caused by the gas mains
                                                                                      1. V1: Distinctive low growl of the engine
                                                                                        1. V2s hit with surprise as they generated a sonic boom during flight, breaking the sound barrier
                                                                                      2. Shelters
                                                                                        1. Anderson Shelters
                                                                                          1. 1.5M distributed free of charge
                                                                                            1. Named after Sir John Anderson, who led the Anderson Committee
                                                                                            2. Morrison Shelters
                                                                                              1. "Morrison Sandwiches" - concrete pillboxes
                                                                                              2. Underground shelters
                                                                                                1. Aldwych tube station
                                                                                                  1. Savoy Hotel
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