AO3 Language Change

Old English
1. Beginnings of Literature
  1. Beowulf
2. Latin Alphabet
3. Angles' Saxons, Jutes
4. Etymology
Middle English
1. 1066 Norman Invasion
  1. French Influence
2. Beginnings of the Great Vowel Shift 1350-1700
Early Modern English
1. William Caxton Printing Press.
  1. 1476
  2. Standardisation
2. Shakespeare
4. Move towards Standardisation and stablisation of punctuation.
18th and 19th Century
1. Samuel Johnson's Dictionary
  1. 1755
  2. Standardisation
2. Removal of the Long 'S'
  1. 1785-1810
3. Lowth Grammar
  1. 1762
  2. Published 'A Short Introduction to English Grammar'
4. Search for Prescriptive 'Pure Form'
5. Latin Ideal
English Today
1. Borrowing worldwide
  1. Globalisation
    1. Cultural Infusion
    2. Pigeons
      1. Born into two languages
    3. Creoles
      1. Native and new language merge together to form another
2. Drift towards colloquial use
  1. Sociolinguistics
    1. Education
    2. Conflict
    3. Class Systems
    4. Politics and Power
    5. Social Trends and Fashion
3. Technology
English Tomorrow
1. Pesemistic Approach
  1. Overlapping, incomprehensible dialect
2. Optimistic Approach
  1. Diversity benefits
  2. World English
English as a Global Language
1. 300-400 million native speakers
2. Language of Business
3. 1.5 Billion speakers worldwide
Approaches
1. Descriptive
  1. Modern
  2. Comments on change
  3. Language develops gradually and inevitibally
2. Prescriptive
  1. Language is decaying
    1. Crumbling castle, damp spoon etc.
  2. Judges language change

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AO3 Language Change

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