Homeostasis and response: The regulation of conditions inside your body to maintain a stable internal environment in response to changes in both internal and external conditions

Comparison
1. Hormones
  1. Act in general way
  2. Act for long time
  3. Slower
2. Nerves:
  1. Fast
  2. Act for short time
  3. Act on precise area
Comparison
1. Nerves:
  1. Act on precise area
  2. Act for short time
  3. Fast
2. Hormones
  1. Slower
  2. Act for long time
  3. Act in general way
The endocrine system
1. Pancreas
  1. Insulin
    1. Regulates blood glucose level
2. Ovaries
  1. Oestrogen
    1. Menstrual cycle
3. Testes
  1. Testosterone
    1. Controls puberty
      1. Sperm production
4. Adrenal gland
  1. Adrenaline
    1. Fight or flight response
5. Thyroid gland
  1. thyroxine
    1. Regulates rate of metabolism
      1. Heart rate
        Temperature
6. Pituitary gland
  1. Produces many hormones
    1. Hormones produce act on other glands
      1. Direct them to release hormones to bring about change
7. Uses hormones
  1. Chemical molecules released directly into blood
    1. Produced by glands
      1. Long lasting effects
    2. Only affect particular cells
Nervous system
1. Reflexes
  1. Reflex arc
    1. Measuring reaction time
      1. Speed up:
        Caffeine
        Control variables
        Same person
        Same hand
        Same height
        No caffeine
    2. Passes through CNS
  2. Help prevent injury
    1. Rapid, automatic responses
2. CNS
  1. Brain + spinal cord
    1. Connected by sensory and motor neurones
      1. Motor neurones: carries impulses from CNS to effectors
      2. Sensory neurones: carry impulses from receptors to CNS
        Synapses: connection between 2 neurones
        Transferred by chemicals
        Diffuse across gap
        Set of new electrical signals in the next neurone
Cells need right conditions
1. Enzyme action
  1. 3 main components-
    1. Effectors
      1. Carry out the response which counteracts the change
        Muscles and glands
        Glands secrete hormones
        Muscles contract
    2. Coordination cdntres
      1. Receives and processes the information and organises a response
        Brain, spinal cord and pamcreas
    3. Receptors
      1. Detects stimulus
        E.g light receptors in eyes

Nächster

Homeostasis and response: The regulation of conditions inside your body to maintain a stable internal environment in response to changes in both internal and external conditions

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