Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Cognetive development
- Jean Piaget
- sensorimotor stage:
- the stage of development that occurs from birth to 2 years, when infants gain knowledge about
their environments through increasing ability to coordinate their sensory input with motoractivity
- Primary circular reactions- the 1st sub stage in the sensorimotor stage, where the infants
repeat actions they find pleasurable
- Secondary circular reactions - the 2nd sub stage of the sensorimotor stage where infants become
aware of their actions & realize that their actions produce interesting changes in the enviroment
- Coordinates secondary circular reactions - the 3rd sub stage of sensorimotor stage,
were infants combine a n umber of schemas in order to produce desired effects
- Tertiary circular reactions - the 4th substage of the sensorimotor stage, where
infants 12-18 months use trail & error experimentation to see what will happen
- Symbolic representation - the 5th sub stage of the sensorimotor stage, where
infants 1-2 years plan actions based on imagined realities
- Reflex schemas - primitive reflexes babies
are born with to ensure survival
- Deferred imitation - when infants are able to imitate an
action some time after it has been observed
- Object permanence - the realization that an object or person continues
to exist even when no longer visible
- preoperational stage:
- the stage of development between 2-7 years, where children use symbolic
thought but not the cognitive operations necessary for logical though
- transductive reasoning - preoperational reasoning in which children
reason from one particular event to another
- conservation - the principle that quantities remain the same despite
changes in their appearance
- centration - the tendency of children to focus only on one aspect of an
object or situation
- irreversibility - a child's inability to mentally reverse perceived actions
- egocentrism - the tendency of children to view everything from their
own perspective
- animism - the thought process whereby human-like qualities are
attributes to inanimate objects