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HEARTBURN

Beschreibung

Mindmap am HEARTBURN, erstellt von Menna Emam am 04/02/2018.
Menna Emam
Mindmap von Menna Emam, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Menna Emam
Erstellt von Menna Emam vor fast 7 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

HEARTBURN
  1. Diagnosed with
    1. GERD
      1. Risk Factors
        1. Alcohol
          1. Tobacco
            1. Obesity
              1. pregnancy
                1. Fat-rich Diet
                  1. Caffeine
                    1. Hiatal hernia
        2. Complications
          1. Esophageal bleeding
            1. Esophageal stricture
              1. Respiratory problems
                1. Esophageal cancer
                  1. Tooth decay
                    1. Sleep apnea
                      1. Esophagitis
                        1. Barret's Esophagus
                          1. Treatment
                            2. defined as
                              1. columnar lined oesophagus, is an acquired condition that results from chronic gastro-esophageal refulx
            2. Diagnosis
              1. Manometry
                1. Endoscopy
                  1. contraindications
                    1. Complications
                      1. Bleeding
                        1. infection
                          1. Tearing of GI
                          2. Poor patient cooperation
                            1. Coma (unless Pt. is intubated)
                              1. Cardiac arrhythmias
                                1. Recent myocardial ischemia
                              2. 24-Hour PH Monitor
                                1. Indications
                                  1. 1) Negative results from the endoscopy for GERD
                                    1. 2) monitor effectiveness of surgical intervention
                                      1. 3) assessing patients with refractory symptoms
                                  2. Complications
                                    1. Patients discomfort
                                      1. Sore throat
                                        1. Chest discomfort
                                          1. Electrode displacement
                                            1. Equipment failure
                                2. May be caused by
                                  1. H. Pylori Infections
                                    1. Diagnosis
                                      2. Treatment
                                        2. RF
                                          1. living in crowded conditions without clean water, in a developing country, with someone who has H.Pylori infections
                                          2. Complications
                                            1. Ulcers
                                              1. Chronic Gastritis (B)
                                                1. Gastric Adenocarcinoma
                                                  1. MALT lymphoma
                                            2. S&S
                                              1. Usually asymptomatic
                                                1. Abdominal Pain
                                                  1. Nausea
                                                    1. loss of appetite
                                                      1. frequent burping
                                                        1. Bloating
                                                          1. Unintentional weight loss
                                          3. Treatment
                                            1. Non-Pharmacological
                                              1. Change in sleep position
                                                1. Change in eating habits
                                                  1. Cessation of smoking
                                                    1. Cessation of alcohol
                                              2. pharmacological
                                                1. H2 antagonists
                                                  1. Proton pump inhibitor
                                                    1. Antacids
                                                      1. Pro-kinetic agent
                                              3. Signs & symptoms
                                                1. Heart burn (after eating)
                                                  1. Chest pain
                                                    1. Difficulty swallowing
                                                      1. Regurgitation food
                                                        1. Sensation of a lump in throat
                                                          1. Nighttime acid reflux
                                                            1. Chronic tough
                                                              1. Laryngitis
                                                                1. New or worsening asthma
                                                                  1. Disrupted sleep
                                            2. Complained of
                                              1. Dysphagia
                                                1. Vs.
                                                  1. Normal swallowing
                                                    1. Accompanied by
                                                      1. Gastric acid secretions
                                                        1. Mechanism
                                                      2. Phases:
                                                        1. Voluntary phase
                                                          1. Pharyngeal phase
                                                            1. Esophageal phase
                                                    2. caused by
                                                      1. Esophageal
                                                          1. Oropharyngeal
                                                            1. caused by
                                                          2. Normal
                                                            1. Anatomy
                                                              1. Esophagus
                                                                  2. Stomach
                                                                  3. Histology
                                                                    1. Esophagus
                                                                      1. Stomach
                                                                  4. Chest Discomfort
                                                                    1. GI causes
                                                                      1. GERD
                                                                        1. Esophageal Motility Disorders
                                                                          1. Esophageal Tear
                                                                            1. Gas Bloating
                                                                        2. Hiatal Hernia
                                                                          1. Peptic Ulcer
                                                                            1. Pancreatitis
                                                                              1. Common Bile Duct Obstruction

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