122014
Chapter 6 & 7
- China
- Environmental challenges
- Lack of fresh water.
- Industries & agriculture use a lot.
- Lack of
waste-water
facilities.
- Industries & agriculture use a lot.
- Air pollution - motor vehicles
- Health issues.
- Health issues.
- Lack of environment laws
means chemical waste isn't
controlled.
- Acid rain & emissions cause crop damage.
- Lack of fresh water.
- Most rapidly growing economy.
- Although inequality is widening - esp between urban & rural.
- More people are migrating to cities.
- More people are migrating to cities.
- Although inequality is widening - esp between urban & rural.
- Sustainable development
- China hasn't switched to cleaner technology as it more
expensive, lack of knowledge & lack of access
- People & environmental groups can't criticise the govt.
- Can only form in an educating capacity.
- Can only form in an educating capacity.
- No environment analysis or data
collection - can't tell what harm is
occuring.
- People & environmental groups can't criticise the govt.
- China hasn't switched to cleaner technology as it more
expensive, lack of knowledge & lack of access
- Because of its expansion (economically) &
population=increase in energy use.
- Causing prices to rise as suppliers try to
meet the demands.
- New electrical power
plants powered by
coal.
- Coal/oil.
- Relies on imports
because of high usage.
- Has no natural oil
reserves - relies
heavily on coal.
- Emits the most
greenhouse
gases=80% co2.
- Emits the most
greenhouse
gases=80% co2.
- Causing prices to rise as suppliers try to
meet the demands.
- Environmental challenges
- Developing countries try to raise
standards of living by industrialisation.
- Perspectives of development.
- Modernisation.
- Emerged in 1960's.
- Influenced by liberal economics -
importance of free markets.
- Scientists
& engineers
came up
with new
ways to
make life
better -
social
change.
- Technology was seen to determine the shape of society.
- Also, modern attitudes & values were important
for the success of development.
- Communicating ideas through mass media & openness to innovation.
- Communicating ideas through mass media & openness to innovation.
- Also, modern attitudes & values were important
for the success of development.
- Emerged in 1960's.
- Marxism & dependency theory.
- Emphasised imperialism.
- Powerful capitalist countries
exploit the less powerful for their
own gain.
- Increase of industrialisation went hand-in-hand with
increase of environment destruction.
- Increase of industrialisation went hand-in-hand with
increase of environment destruction.
- Powerful capitalist countries
exploit the less powerful for their
own gain.
- Emphasised imperialism.
- Post-development.
- Has a synergy to
people-centred approach to
development.
- Small-scale development goals in developing countries - which include local
technology, environmental & socio-economic alternatives to modernisation &
depency theories.
- People in the South should be free to live in harmony with the Earth -
development does more harm than good.
- People in the South should be free to live in harmony with the Earth -
development does more harm than good.
- Importance
of non-human
life -
sustainable
development.
- Has a synergy to
people-centred approach to
development.
- Modernisation.
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