Neural Mechanisms

Seratonon
1. A01
  1. Low seratonin levels are associated with aggression
  2. Seranonin reduces aggression by inhibiting responses to stimuni that usually lead to aggression
  3. MANN- Drugs that reduce seratonin increase aggression
2. A02
  1. Support...
    1. RAINE- neurotransmitters in antisocial, lower levels of seratonin in aggressive. also low in those attempted suicide
    2. RALEIGH- animal, if given tryptophn, less aggressive
    3. POPUVA- animals bred for docile and passive behaviour high levels of seratonin
Dopamine
1. A01
  1. High dopamine levels associated with aggression
  2. LAVINE- drugs to increase dopamine in studies linked to aggression
  3. BUITELAAR- studies using drugs to reduce dopamine, eg antipsychotics, reduce aggression
2. A02
  1. Support...
    1. COUPPIS- path to brain in mice when aggressive, dopamine released, acts as reward
  2. However...
    1. SCERBO- found low levels of seratonin in aggression, but no significant rise or fall of dopamine
Testosterone
1. A01
  1. High testosterone levels associated with aggression
  2. DABBS- criminals with high testosterone had committed violent crimes/ low testoesterone, non violent crimes
  3. 'Callenge Hypethesis' testosterone only rises in response to social challenges resulting in aggression
2. A02
  1. However...
    1. ALBERT- claimed inconsistent results, too small studies, as most are of men in prisons relying on self report techniques
    2. ARCHER- career women have higher levels. may be linked to assertiveness instead of aggression
A03
1. SOCIALLY SENSITIVE- may not want to admit they are aggressive
2. ANIMALS- not generalisable. bio and cognitively different
3. ANDROCENTRIC- testosterone, mostly conducted on males
Cortisol
1. A01
  1. High levels inhibit testosterone and so aggression. Low levels correlate with violence
2. A02
  1. Support...
    1. MCBURNETT- boys with aggressive disorder, low cortisol levels, 3x level of aggressive symptoms. cortisol strong correlation with aggression

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Neural Mechanisms

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