Pre-Socratics

Pre-Socratics

Milesians
1. Thales
  1. Everything is water
    1. First structured system w/out Gods
2. Anaximander
  1. Everything is Apeiron
    1. Limitless, Infinite
3. Anaximines
  1. Everything is Air
    1. First principle is finite, unlike the things it creates
Heraclitus
1. Flux
  1. Reletavism
  2. Language
2. Theory of Opposites
  1. Unity of Opposites
  2. Measured tensions
    1. Sun rise and sun set
3. Paradox Form
4. Fire
  1. Metaphorical and Practical
  2. Symbolic
Parmenides
1. Way of Truth
  1. Difficult to understand
  2. Exploration of Being and not Being
  3. No account for change-change is not possible
  4. How do we talk about nothing?
2. Way of Seeming
  1. Told it to be a lie
  2. Accurate, up to date view of philosophy and science
3. Purpose/Development
The atomists
1. Atoms and Void
  1. We see things as sheets of Atoms coming at us
    1. We never see the objects themselves
  2. First attempt to account for change
    1. Hooks and points
  3. Atoms only differ in shape and volume
2. Ethics
  1. by convention sweet, by convention bitter, by convention hot, by convention cold, by convention colour; but in reality atoms and void
  2. Senses can't be trusted
    1. Need senses for reason
      1. Self-refuting?
Protagoras
1. Man is the measure of all things
  1. Extreme Relativism
    1. Conflicting views are equally true
      1. Teaching is impossible
      2. Flouts law of non-contradiction
      3. Second interpretation: truth for me and truth for you-qualification
  2. Like Heraclitus-good for one species, bad for another
  3. Self-refuting?

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