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Crowds
- Deindividuation theories
- Festinger, Pepitone and Newcomb -
deindividuation. Process of immersion
within a group due to sense of
anonymity. Includes effects of social
context rather than 'group mind'
- Zimbardo (1969) - anonymity
and aggression. Diffusion of
responsibility - across group and
violence becomes more likely
- Deiner & Prentice-Dunn and
Rogers - anonymity does not
inevitably lead to
deindividuation
- Deiner - other factors such as
emotional arousal, sense of
group cohesion and focus on
external events may lead to
deindividuation
- Deiner - other factors such as
emotional arousal, sense of
group cohesion and focus on
external events may lead to
deindividuation
- Inputs (anonymity, arousal, external focus,
group cohesion) -- Deindividuation (loss of self,
decreased concern for social evaluation,
diffusion of responsibility) -- Outputs (impulsive
irrational behaviour, aggression,
responsiveness to immediate surroundings,
distorted perception)
- Festinger, Pepitone and Newcomb -
deindividuation. Process of immersion
within a group due to sense of
anonymity. Includes effects of social
context rather than 'group mind'
- Le Bon and the
psychology of the mob
- argued that
individual
rationality is lost
when in a crowd
by 'group mind'
- individuals experience
primitive, unconscious
and aggressive instincts
- Contagion -
susceptible to
suggestion. Feels
anonymous and less
personally
accountable
- Criticisms - views based
on political bias, drew
mainly on personal
observations and didn't
spend much time in crowds
- saw crowds to be
regressive in nature
- argued that
individual
rationality is lost
when in a crowd
by 'group mind'
- Social identity and
collective action
- 2011 riots
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