13608568
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Grace Fawcitt, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Grace Fawcitt
vor mehr als 6 Jahre
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Approaches- social learning theory
- Bandura claimed that people learn through observation
- Imitation
- Copying the behaviour of others
- Copying the behaviour of others
- Identification
- When an observer associates
themselves with a role model and
wants to be like the role model
- Identification is more likely to occur with role
models who have similar characteristics to the
observer, such as age, gender and social class.
Role models don't have to be physically
present, e.g. cartoon characters, celebrities
- Identification is more likely to occur with role
models who have similar characteristics to the
observer, such as age, gender and social class.
Role models don't have to be physically
present, e.g. cartoon characters, celebrities
- When an observer associates
themselves with a role model and
wants to be like the role model
- Modelling
- Observer's perspective
- Imitating the behaviour of
a role model
- Imitating the behaviour of
a role model
- Role model's perspective
- Demonstration of a
behaviour that may be
imitated by an observer
- Demonstration of a
behaviour that may be
imitated by an observer
- Observer's perspective
- Imitation
- Vicarious Reinforcement
- Also known as indirect reinforcement
- This involves an observer seeing a
behaviour being reinforced/punished on
someone else
- This involves an observer seeing a
behaviour being reinforced/punished on
someone else
- Bandura, 1963
- Children were shown videos of adults behaving
aggressively towards a Bobo doll. One group of
children saw the adult praised, another saw them
punished, and the last group saw no
consequences
- The children were then allowed to play with
Bobo doll, and those who saw the
aggressive behaviour reinforced were more
likely to also act aggressively to the doll.
- The children were then allowed to play with
Bobo doll, and those who saw the
aggressive behaviour reinforced were more
likely to also act aggressively to the doll.
- Children were shown videos of adults behaving
aggressively towards a Bobo doll. One group of
children saw the adult praised, another saw them
punished, and the last group saw no
consequences
- Also known as indirect reinforcement
- Mediational Processes
- Social learning theory is often seen as the
bridge between behaviourism and the
cognitive approach as it takes into
account mediational processes
- Attention
- The extent to which a behaviour is noticed
- The extent to which a behaviour is noticed
- Retention
- How well the behaviour is remembered
- How well the behaviour is remembered
- Reproduction
- The ability to perform the behaviour
- The ability to perform the behaviour
- Motivation
- The will to perform the behaviour
- The will to perform the behaviour
- Social learning theory is often seen as the
bridge between behaviourism and the
cognitive approach as it takes into
account mediational processes
- The Bobo Doll, 1961
- Children observed adults either playing nicely
or aggressively with a Bobo Doll. The children
were then allowed to play with the Bobo doll,
and those who observed violent behaviour
were more likely to also behave violently
- Children observed adults either playing nicely
or aggressively with a Bobo Doll. The children
were then allowed to play with the Bobo doll,
and those who observed violent behaviour
were more likely to also behave violently
- Evaluation
- Inclusion of internal mediational processes
- The social learning theory provides a
more comprehensive explanation of
learning behaviours by recognising the
role of mental processes
- The social learning theory provides a
more comprehensive explanation of
learning behaviours by recognising the
role of mental processes
- Explains cultural differences in behaviour
- Cultural norms are transmitted through
society via modelling. This is useful in
understanding gender development.
- Cultural norms are transmitted through
society via modelling. This is useful in
understanding gender development.
- Less deterministic
- The external environment does influence our behaviour, however we
choose how we act (mental processes)
- The external environment does influence our behaviour, however we
choose how we act (mental processes)
- Over-reliance on lab studies
- Demand characteristics become an issue- the
children in Bandura's study may have performed
as they think they are expected to
- Demand characteristics become an issue- the
children in Bandura's study may have performed
as they think they are expected to
- Underestimates biological influences
- In Bandura's study, the boys were found to be
more aggressive, but this may be due to higher
levels of testosterone
- In Bandura's study, the boys were found to be
more aggressive, but this may be due to higher
levels of testosterone
- Inclusion of internal mediational processes
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