Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Crime and Deviance Sociologists and theroies
- Goode (2008)
Anmerkungen:
- He argued that deviance may be a mild or it may be more extreme.
- Becker
Anmerkungen:
- -Interactionalist.
-He argued that an act only becomes deviant when people define it as such.
-Agents of social control have the power to make labels stick.
- The labelling Theory:
The idea in which when people are labelled as something, e.g. stupid, they start to believe it.
- Merton
Anmerkungen:
- -Functionalist
-He believed that deviance results from the culture and structure of society
- All members of society have different positions in the social structure.
-Merton believed that they didn't have the same opportunity.
- The Strain Theory:
Merton came up with a theory that he believes where socity puts pressure on individuals where they feel like they have to choose socially accepted goals.
- Feminist
- Subject to greater social control
- Focuses on how society controls
women in a different way to men.
- Women are said to be less deviant
than men due to the 'control theory'.
- Frances Heidensohn
Anmerkungen:
- -Wrote a book called, 'Women and crime' in 1985.
-He had the theory that people commit crime because of the way they are brought up.
-Women commit less crime because they are subject to greater social control.
- -Heidensohn argued that men had more control over women because they control the finances.
-He also thought that gender roles are more limited for women than men; male deviance is more glorified and celebrated, female deviance is more stigmatised.
- Marxist
- Social control is necessary in capitalist
societys.
- Some social control is purely for
the working class
- Crime is driven by the capitalist society as
crime is driven by money
Anmerkungen:
- during the recession, statistical evidence shows that the amount of shoplifting rose.
- They say that agents of social control
discriminate against working class.
- Statistical evidence to show that there is more crime
in societys that have a wealth divide.
- Functionalist
- All aspects of a society serve a function and are
necessary for the survival of that society.
- Functionalists say that it is
impossible without social control.
- Durkheim
Anmerkungen:
- He said that a certain amount of crime and deviance is normal and apart of all healthy societys.
- Clinard
Anmerkungen:
- Argues crime also served the function of acting as a warning device. The crime draws attention to the problem within society.