Zusammenfassung der Ressource
2. The ENLIGHTENMENT
- Movement that promoted knowledge, science and
education to reform society
- NO ANCIEN RÉGIME!
YES NEW IDEAS!
- Main princples
- REASON
- Only real source of knowledge
- NO beliefs and dogma
- LEARINING
and
TEACHING
- Essential
- They want to educate and 'enlighten' society
- EQUALITY
and
LIBERTY
- Key elements
- Everyone - same legal rights and freedoms!
- Political thinkers
- MONTESQUIEU
- Division of power
- VOLTAIRE
- Parliament
- ROSSEAU
- Popular sovereignty
- ENLIGHTENED DESPOTISM
- New form of government, Europe, 18th century.
- OBJECTIVE: absolute monarchy + Enlightenment ideas
to improve life quality and modernise the country.
- Examples
- Carlos III of Spain
- Frederick II the Great of Prussia
- Joseph II of Austria
- Catherine II the Great of Russia
- SPANISH WAR OF SUCCESSION (1701-1714)
- to become king of Spain.
- Philip of Anjou
- Official heir
- France + the Crown of
Castille
- vs
- Archduke Charles of Austria
- Austria, Great Britain and the
Crown of Aragón
- The treaties of Uttrecht and Rastatt
- Philip - king of Spain as Felipe V - Bourbon dinasty
- Some Spain's territories to Austria.
Gibraltar and Menorca - Great Britain.