Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Gerunds and Infinitive
- Verb + to infinitive
- Verbs
- (can/can't) afford, *agree, aim, appear, *arrange, attempt,
choose, *decide, *demand, deserve, fail, *hope, learn,
manage, neglect, offer, omit, plan, prepare, *pretend,
refuse, seem, tend, threaten, (can't) wait, wish.
- Example: If you decide to add nuts…
- Notice
- how the negative
is formed
- Example: If you decide not to ice it…
- The following verbs +
to infinitive always
have an object before
the "to" infinitive
- *advise, allow, encourage, forbid,
force, invite, order, permit,
*persuade, 'remind, *teach, *tell,
*warn
- Example: Her father taught her to
play tennis.
- Advise, allow,
encourage,forbid and
permit
- can also be followed by -ing
when there is no object:
- Example: I
advise you to
add nuts.
- or advise adding
nuts.
- The following verbs + to
infinitive sometimes have an
object
- Ask, beg, *expect, help,
*intend, *promise, want
- Example: We expected to be
late.
- or: We expected Tom
to be late.
- Verb + infinitive
without to
- Modal verbs, “had better” and “would rather”
- are followed
- by the
infinitive
without to
- Example: You should add the eggs slowly.
- Help
- Can be followed
- by the infinitive with
or "without to"
- Example: We helped them (to)
start their car
- Make and let (always with an object)
- are followed by the infinitive
without to:
- Example: Let the cake cool for half an hour.
- Verb + -ing
- verbs
- *admit, avoid, can't face, can't help, can't stand, carry on, *consider, delay,
*deny, detest, Dislike, enjoy, fancy, feel, like, finish, give up, *imagine,
involve, keep (on), *mention, (not) mind, miss, postpone, practise, put Off,
*recommend, risk, resist, *suggest
- Example: I enjoy making it
- Notice
- how the negative is
formed
- Example: If you don't leave immediately, you
risk not catching your plane.
- Verb + to infinitive or -ing
(with no difference in
meaning)
- Verbs
- Begin, can't bear, continue, hate, dislike, like, love,
prefer, *propose, start
- Example: Continue adding the flour.
- Or: continue to add the flour.
- Two -ing forms do not
usually follow each other:
- Example: I was starting to make
a cake when the phone rang.
- Like + to infinitive
- has a slightly different
meaning from
- like + -ing:
- Example: I like to catch the early bus on Mondays.
- Verb + to infinitive or -ing
(with a difference in meaning)
- The following verbs have
two different meanings
depending on the verb form
chat follows:
- *remember, *forget, *regret,
try, stop, mean, go on
- Verb + to infinitive
- Example: Remember to check
whether the cake is ready
- Verb + -ing
- Example: I remember
checking that I had my keys
when I left the house.
- Verb + -ing or infinitive
without to (with a difference
in meaning)
- The following verbs connected with the
senses may be followed by an Object
and either -ing or the infinitive without
to
- Feel, hear, notice, see, watch
- Notice
- the difference in meaning
- between verb + -ing and verb + infinitive without to:
- Example: I watched the boys playing baseball.
- Verb + that clause
- All the verbs marked * in this unit can
also be followed by a that clause with
the same meaning:
- Example 3: I suggest adding some lemon juice.
- = I suggest (that) you add some lemon juice.
- Example 2: Imagine sitting on a tropical beach
with a cool drink.
- = Imagine (that) you're sitting on a tropical beach...
- Example 1: She admitted taking
the money.
- = She admitted (that) she
had taken the money.