158757
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Kev Campbell, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Kev Campbell
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Language & Thought
- Uniquely Human Language
Festures (Aitcheson)
- Semanticity
- Words to represent objects & actions
- Words to represent objects & actions
- Displacement
- Ability to refer to other time and place
- Ability to refer to other time and place
- Structure Dependence
- Chomsky: deep structure of language.
- Pinker & Bloom: syntax may be adaptive.
- Chomsky: deep structure of language.
- Creativity
- Ability to understand & produce
infinite number of utterences
- Ability to understand & produce
infinite number of utterences
- Semanticity
- Language of
Thought
- Nativism
- Comsky
- Innate universal
language 'syntax' of
thought
- Innate universal
language 'syntax' of
thought
- Fodor
- Modular
- Informationally
encapsulated
- Informationally
encapsulated
- Non-modular
- Thinking & Memory
- Thinking & Memory
- Modular
- Comsky
- Structure Propositions
- Constraints on sequences
and combinations in
language also apply to
thought
- Constraints on sequences
and combinations in
language also apply to
thought
- Innateness of Concepts
- Attaching names to pre-existing concepts.
- Attaching names to pre-existing concepts.
- Propositional Attitude
- a mental stance, such
as knowing, hoping or
believing.
- (Assumed
to have
syntax)
- (Assumed
to have
syntax)
- a mental stance, such
as knowing, hoping or
believing.
- Nativism
- Radical
Pragmatics
- Differs from nativism
in that it highlights the
social dimention of
language.
- Polysemy (meanings
are fluid, contextual)
- Irony: intended, rather than literal meaning.
- Grice
- Implacature
- Implacature
- Sperber & Wilson
- Grice
- Irony: intended, rather than literal meaning.
- Authorship
- Roles of author,
reader & text are
constructed.
- Rimmon-Kenan
- Rimmon-Kenan
- Roles of author,
reader & text are
constructed.
- Differs from nativism
in that it highlights the
social dimention of
language.
- Linguistic
Determanism
- Sapir-Wharf hypothesis
- Thought is
determined by the
language we speak
- Challenged by Heider & Olivier
- No difference in
memory for colour
between two languages
with different number of
colour terms. English,
11: Dani 2.
- No difference in
memory for colour
between two languages
with different number of
colour terms. English,
11: Dani 2.
- Thought is
determined by the
language we speak
- Spatial Cognition
- Spatial layout and
orientation varies
between languages.
- Boroditsky
- Time is thought of
as horizontal in
English, but vertical
in Manderin.
- (Findings have not been
replicated in other studies)
- (Findings have not been
replicated in other studies)
- Time is thought of
as horizontal in
English, but vertical
in Manderin.
- Difference in
reconstruction of spatial
array of objects between
Dutch & Tzeltal speakers.
- Challenged by Li &
Gleitman who stated
environment was more
influential.
- Boroditsky
- Spatial layout and
orientation varies
between languages.
- Colour Perception
- Brown & Lenneberg found
differences in colour terms in
different languages affected
speed in naming colours.
- Brown & Lenneberg found
differences in colour terms in
different languages affected
speed in naming colours.
- Sapir-Wharf hypothesis
- Theory of Mind
- Propositional attitude
ascriptions
- Vygotsky: important in
shaping social
intelligence.
- Vygotsky: important in
shaping social
intelligence.
- Wimmer & Perner:
Maxi, false-belief
task.
- ToM lacks in
autistic spectrum
disorders
- Wimmer & Mayringer:
evidence against poor
executive function as a
cause.
- Clements & Perner:
linguistic
competence possibly
related to ToM
- however, chimps also show
aspects of ToM: Hare &
Tomasello
- however, chimps also show
aspects of ToM: Hare &
Tomasello
- Wimmer & Mayringer:
evidence against poor
executive function as a
cause.
- Propositional attitude
ascriptions
- Piaget
- Constructivist view: language
dependent on thought for
development.
- Emergent aspect
of general
cognition.
- Supported by parallel
development in other symbolic
function eg. symbolic play.
- Supported by parallel
development in other symbolic
function eg. symbolic play.
- Nelson challenge based on
lack of linguistic impairment
in blind children
- Does not exclude Nativist
approach, as cognitive
universals drive development.
- Xu challenged as object
permanence does not
always precede concepts
and naming of objects.
- Emergent aspect
of general
cognition.
- Constructivist view: language
dependent on thought for
development.
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