Zusammenfassung der Ressource
P4 - Atomic Structure
- PARTICLES
- GAS
- PARTICLES HAVE
HIGH COLLISION
AND MOVE VERY
RAPIDLY
- SOLID
- IN A FIXED POSITION WITH
NO MOVEMENT AND
STRONG FORCES
BETWEEN EACH PARTICLE
- LIQUID
- THEY VIBRATE IN THEIR
FIXED POSITION WITH
MODERATE FORCE
STRENGTH.
- EQUATIONS
- CHANGE IN THERMAL ENERGY= MASS X SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY
X TEMPERATURE CHANGE
- THERMAL ENERGY FOR A CHANGE OF STATE=
MASS X SPECIFIC LATENT HEAT
- DENSITY= MASS / VOLUME
- ATOMIC STRUCTURE
- ATOMIC NUMBER
- = number
of protons
- GAMMA
- GAMMA HAS THE MOST PENETRATION, HAS A CHARGE
OF 0, HAS A MASS OF 0 AMU, HAS A RANGE OF TEN
METRES, IS THE LEAST IONISING AND IS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
- BETA
- BETA HAS MEDIUM PENETRATION, HAS A CHARGE OF
1-, HAS A MASS OF 1/200, HAS A RANGE OF 1 M IN AIR,
HAS MEDIUM IONISATION AND IS A FAST ELECTRON
- ALPHA
- ALPHA HAS THE LEAST PENETRATION, HAS A CHARGE
OF 2+, HAS A MASS OF 4 AMU, HAS A RANGE OF 10
CM IN AIR, IS THE MOST IONISING AND IS A HELIUM
NUCLEUS
- HALF LIFE IS : THE TIME TAKEN
FOR HALF THE NUMBER OF
ISOTOPES TO DECAY.
- ISOTOPE= each of two or more forms of
the same element that contain equal
numbers of protons but different
numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and
hence differ in relative atomic mass but
not in chemical properties; in particular, a
radioactive form of an element.