Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Confounding
- Controlling
- •randomisation
- •restriction (use of inclusion/exclusion
criteria)
- •matching
- •the analysis stage of research
(i.e. stratification and modelling).
- design of study methods before the data is collected
- through analysis after the data has been collected
- Study Designs
- Systematic reviews
- sum up the best available
research on a specific question.
This is done by synthesising the
results of several studies.
- uses transparent procedures to
find, evaluate and synthesise the
results of relevant research.
- Procedures are explicitly defined in advance
- in order to ensure that the exercise is
transparent and can be replicated
- also designed to minimise bias
- relation to the articles selected for inclusion in the
systematic review
- Studies included in a review are screened for quality
- the findings of a large number of studies can be combined
- Peer reviewed
- Criteria
- •clear inclusion/ exclusion criteria
- •an explicit search strategy
- •systematic coding and analysis
of included studies
- •meta-analysis (where possible).
- involves statistically combining the results
of several separate studies to arrive at an
overall result, which is often in the form of
an 'effect size'.