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GCSE Chemistry
C1.1 - Fundamental
Ideas in Chemistry
- Subatomic Particles
- Atomic Particle / Relative Charge
- Proton
- Neutron
- Electron
- Electron
- Neutron
- +1
- 0
- -1
- -1
- 0
- Proton
- Atomic & Mass
Numbers
- The find out the number of neutrons an
atom contains = mass number - atomic
number
- Atomic number - The
amount of protons OR
Electrons an atom
contains
- Mass Number - The TOTAL amount of
protons AND neutrons an atom
contains - Nom of protons+Nom of
neutrons
- Mass Number - The TOTAL amount of
protons AND neutrons an atom
contains - Nom of protons+Nom of
neutrons
- Atomic number - The
amount of protons OR
Electrons an atom
contains
- The find out the number of neutrons an
atom contains = mass number - atomic
number
- Electronic configuration
- The first shell always contains a
number of 2 electrons, the rest
contains 8.
- For an atom that contains 6
electrons, their electronic
configuration would be written as
[2,6]
- For an atom that contains 6
electrons, their electronic
configuration would be written as
[2,6]
- The first shell always contains a
number of 2 electrons, the rest
contains 8.
- Atomic Particle / Relative Charge
- Alkali
Metals
(group 1)
- Lithium 2,1
- Sodium 2,8,1
- Potassium 2,8,8,1
- Potassium 2,8,8,1
- Sodium 2,8,1
- All alkali metals react violently when
added to water they also always
produce hydrogen gas and a metal
hyrdoxide e.g.)
Potassium+water-->potassium
hydroxide+hydrogen
- When the alklai metals react with
oxygen they always produce a metal
oxide e.g) sodium+oxygen-->sodium
oxide
- When the alklai metals react with
oxygen they always produce a metal
oxide e.g) sodium+oxygen-->sodium
oxide
- Lithium 2,1
- Halogens
(group 7)
- Flourine 2,7
- Chlorine 2,8,7
- Flourine 2,7
- The halogen atoms and
the alkali metals with
react together to form
an ionic compound in
which these are called
halide ions and have a
single negative charge.
- Noble Gases
(Group 0)
- Helium 2
- Neon 2,8
- Argon 2,8,8
- Argon 2,8,8
- Neon 2,8
- Noble gases are
unreactive as they all
have a full outer shell.
- Helium 2
- Mixtures and Compounds
- A mixture consists of two or
more elements or compounds
that are not chemically joined,
the properties of the substances
remain unchanged and specific
to each substance.
- A compound is a substance
contains two or more elements
are chemically joined together.
- Non metal + Non metal =
Covalent bonding
- Sharing of electrons
- Sharing of electrons
- Non metal + metal =
Ionic bonding
- gaining/losing electrons
- gaining/losing electrons
- Non metal + Non metal =
Covalent bonding
- Either way of bonding,
covalent or ionic results in
all outer shells being full.
- A mixture consists of two or
more elements or compounds
that are not chemically joined,
the properties of the substances
remain unchanged and specific
to each substance.
Medienanhänge
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