Boer War

Causes
1. Previous defeat
  1. 1st Boer War
  2. Kruger
    1. Reclaim independence
2. Gold
  1. 1898
    1. 27% Of worlds gold
    2. Poor relationship
  2. Uitlander (foreigner)
    1. Denied
      1. Political rights
      2. Vote
      3. Status
    2. Appealed
      1. Queen
        British Rule
      2. Alfred Milner
      3. Boers
        Reform
        Concessions
3. Empire
  1. Take
    1. Orange and Transvaal
      1. For the gold
  2. Kruger
    1. 'It is my country that you want'
  3. Controlled most S. Africa
    1. Dutch??
Army 1899
1. Number
  1. 249,466 Regulars
  2. 78,000 Reserves
  3. 60-70,000 Indian Empire
  4. 60,000 28 days training
    1. 35,000 Agreed overseas service
  5. 230,000 Volunteers w/ limited training
2. Tommy
  1. w/c
  2. Poor
    1. 1s a day
  3. Shamed by family
    1. Outcast
  4. Boring
    1. Drills and mundane tasks
  5. Equipment
    1. Weapons
      1. Lee Enfield rifle
    2. Uniform
      1. Khaki
      2. Polished buttons and badges
3. Officers
  1. Character
    1. Brave, loyal amateur
      1. Still gen from the upper classes
  2. Private income
    1. Mess bills
    2. £100-150 p.a
  3. Low pay
    1. India
      1. High wages
Soldiers
1. Boers
  1. Men
    1. 500 Foreign volunteers
    2. 50,000 Total
    3. 33,000 Transvaal
    4. 21,000 Orange
    5. Discipline
      1. Personalities
      2. Collective
  2. Uniform
    1. None
      1. Blended
  3. Organisation
    1. Commandos
      1. District
      2. 200 - 1,000 Men
    2. Officers elected
    3. Every man
      1. Had a say and contributed to strategy tactics
    4. Finance
      1. Gold
      2. £90,000 p.a
      3. Intelligence gathering
  4. Mauser Rifle
    1. German
    2. Marksmen
      1. Excellent shot
        Wild animals
        Farmers
  5. Transport
    1. Ponies
      1. Hardy
2. British
  1. Finance
    1. £11,000 p.a
    2. Tight
  2. Men
    1. Officers
      1. Sir George White
        64 Yrs
      2. Buller
        60 Yrs
    2. 14,750 S. African
    3. 22,000 reinforcements
      1. India
  3. Transport
    1. Railway extensive
      1. Moving troops and supplies
War
1. 1st Battles
  1. Mafeking
    1. Baden Powell
    2. Held out
    3. May 1900
    4. Surrounded
  2. Kimberley
    1. General Cronje
      1. Cut off by Boers
        Troops
        Miners
        Cecil Rhodes
  3. Natal
    1. George White
      1. Cut off
      2. 10,000 Men
        Ladysmith
2. Black week
  1. Failures
  2. Buller
    1. Divided forces
      1. Methien
        Ant attack
        Highlanders
        Kilts
      2. Gatacre
        Protect
        Cape
        Railway
      3. Buller
        Spion Kop
        Jan
        Natal
        Defeat
        15th Dec
        Ladysmith
        Relieve
  3. Queen
    1. Reinforcements
      1. Lord Roberts
        67 Yrs
        Kitchener
        Hero
        Sudan
        Aggressive
      2. Feb
    2. Defeat
      1. 'Doesn't exist'
3. Success by Nov 1900
  1. Reinforcements
    1. Infantry 448,895
  2. Roberts
    1. Relieved
      1. Kimberley
      2. Cronje
        Surrender
        4,000 Boers
    2. Capital
      1. Bloemfontein
        March
      2. Captured
        Johannes Burg
        Pretoria
        War seems over
        Autumn 1900
        Roberts and Buller
        Return to Britain
    3. Supplies
      1. Shortage
      2. Typhoid
Medicine
1. Bad
2. Disease
  1. Main cause of deaths
    1. Typhoid
3. Limited
  1. Resourcers
  2. Drs
  3. Beds
4. Difficult
  1. Large country
    1. Simple wounds
    2. Disease
  2. Geurrilla warfare
    1. Trains
    2. No base
    3. Mountain areas
  3. Same in Britain
    1. Surgery
    2. Treatment
Pre-War
1. Dutch
  1. Colonisation
    1. S. Africa
    2. Drove off
      1. Natives
      2. Tribes
    3. Farmers
  2. British
    1. Joined
    2. Protest
      1. India
      2. Trade
    3. Abolished
      1. Slavery
        Dutch
        Owned
        Resents
        Broke free
        Orange
        Transvaal
2. Zulu
  1. 1879- 80
  2. Defeated British
    1. Isandh Iwana
  3. Shortage
    1. Weapons
  4. Henry Rifle
    1. Saved Britain
    2. Wiped out
      1. Zulu threat
      2. Separated Boers
3. 1st Boer War
  1. Boer
    1. Independence
  2. Gladstone
    1. Limited
      1. Men
      2. War
        Afghanistan
      3. Resources
  3. Majuba Hill
    1. Defeated
      1. Feb 1881
  4. Paul Kruger
    1. Won
      1. Independence
    2. Strength
    3. Leader

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