Rates of Reaction

rate measurements
1. Different reactions can happen at different rates. Reactions that happen slowly have a low rate of reaction. Reactions that happen quickly have a high rate of reaction
reactants and products
1. ways to measure the rate of a reaction
  1. Measure the rate at which a reactant is used up
  2. Measure the rate at which a product is formed
things to measure
1. The mass of a substance - solid, liquid or gas - is measured with a balance
2. The volume of a gas is usually measured with a gas syringe, or sometimes an upside down measuring cylinder or burette
factors affecting the rate
1. The rate of a reaction increases if:
  1. The temperature is increased
  2. The concentration of a dissolved reactant is increased
  3. The pressure of a reacting gas is increased
  4. Solid reactants are broken into smaller pieces
  5. A catalyst is used
collisions
1. For a chemical reaction to occur, the reactant particles must collide. Collisions with too little energy do not produce a reaction.
2. Changing concentration or pressure
  1. If the concentration of a dissolved reactant is increased, or the pressure of a reacting gas is increased
    1. There are more reactant particles in the same volume
    2. There is a greater chance of the particles colliding
    3. The rate of reaction increases

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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