Consensus VS Conflict

Consensus
1. Theorists
  1. Emile Durkheim
    1. Suicide, Deviance & Religion
  2. Talcott Parsons
    1. Family Roles
  3. Robert Merton
    1. Deviance
2. Key Features
  1. The assumption that there is a certain pattern to behaviour
  2. Explains behaviour through notion of social structure
  3. Tends to use Biological or mechanical analogies to explain theories
  4. Functional prerequisites
    1. Social basic needs
  5. Value Consensus
    1. Society shared values
3. Strengths
  1. Looks at society as a whole
  2. refers to social structure when analysing social behaviour
  3. Good at explaining persistence of social phenomena
4. Weaknesses
  1. Ignores Individual or group interaction
  2. Finds it difficult to explain conflict & change
  3. Makes assumptions about value consensus as naturally occurring, inevitable and mutually beneficial
Conflict
1. Theorists
  1. Karl Marx
    1. Capitalism & Class
  2. Gramsci
    1. Capitalism & hegemony
  3. Goldthorpe
    1. Class conflict
2. Key Features
  1. Sees society as a structured whole
  2. society is based on inequality of distribution or production
  3. Struggle for power between different groups in society
    1. Society characterised by conflict
  4. Within Marxism, Ownership & relations of production are the cause of inequalities
    1. Society is made of infrastructure & superstructure
  5. In other conflict perspectives, inequality of power & wealth may arise from differences in such things as education
3. Strengths
  1. Looks at society as a whole and all its interrelated parts
  2. Recognises power interests of different groups
  3. good at explaining conflict & change
4. Weaknesses
  1. difficult to explain persistence of certain phenomena
  2. Individual & small group interaction plays little part in these types of explanations
Similarities
1. Structural theory
  1. Macro - Society shapes individual
2. Look at wider aspects of society such as power and economy & government
Differences
1. Consensus theorists view society as being made up of Social Institutions being dependent on one another.
  1. Conflict theorists view society as having an Infrastructure and Superstructure
2. Consensus Theorist argue there is value consensus that holds society together
  1. Conflict theorists disagree and argue values are imposed by powerful groups in society even though everyone may not agree

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Consensus VS Conflict

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