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Beschreibung
Mindmap von Elisabeth Morell, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Elisabeth Morell
vor fast 10 Jahre
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Cell Biology IB SL Biology
- 2. Cells
- 3. Common features:
- Surrounded by a membrane
- Contain genetic material
- Cell activity is catalyzed by enzymes produced in the cell
- The chemical reactions are known as metabolism
- The chemical reactions are known as metabolism
- Have their own energy release systems
- Surrounded by a membrane
- 3. Cell Theory
- Living organisms are composed by cells
- Living organisms are composed by cells
- 3. Unicellular Organisms
- Prokarytes
- Cell structure
- Has
- DNA
- In the cytoplasm in the nucleoid
- No proteins
- No proteins
- In the cytoplasm in the nucleoid
- Cytoplasm
- Holds the DNA
- Holds the DNA
- Cell Wall
- Archaeans don't have cell walls
- Cell wall is outside the cell membrane. Contains peptidoglycan. Extracellular.
- Cell wall is outside the cell membrane. Contains peptidoglycan. Extracellular.
- Archaeans don't have cell walls
- Ribosomes
- In the cytoplasm, makes proteins
- In the cytoplasm, makes proteins
- Plasma membrane
- Provides
barrier and
support for
the cell
- Photosynthesis
can occur in
the plasma
membrane
- Cellular
respiration
occurs in
the
plasma
membrane
- Is a form of metabolism called fermentation
- Is a form of metabolism called fermentation
- Provides
barrier and
support for
the cell
- DNA
- Has
- Cell division
- Divides by binary fission
- Asexual reproduction
- Asexual reproduction
- Divides by binary fission
- Cell structure
- Eukaryotes
- Cell structure
- Nucleus
- Nuclear membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosomes
- Smooth E. R.
- Golgi apparatus
- Rough E. R.
- Micro tubules
- Lysosomes
- Pila
- Nucleus
- Cell structure
- bacteria, archaea, protozoa,
unicellular algae and unicellular
fungi.
- All the functions of life are
carried out in that one cell
- 7 functions of life: Nutrition, metabolism, growth,
adaptation, excretion, homeostasis, reproduction
- 7 functions of life: Nutrition, metabolism, growth,
adaptation, excretion, homeostasis, reproduction
- Prokarytes
- 3. Multicellular organisms
- animals, land plants and filamentous fungi
are multicellular, as are many algae
- The first evidence of multicellularity is from
cyanobacteria-like organisms that lived 3-3.5
billion years ago
- Cell differentiation
- occurs numerous
times during the
development of a
multicellular organism
as the organism
changes from a simple
zygote to a complex
system of tissues and
cell types.
- Gene Expression
- All multicellular organisms in humans have the same set of
genes
- Cell differentiation
happens because a
different sequence
of gene is
expressed in
different cell types
- All multicellular organisms in humans have the same set of
genes
- Specialization
- Specialized
tissues can
develop by cell
differentiation e.g.
Red blood cell
carries oxygen
- Tissues are a group of
specialized cells that
perform the same
function
- Tissues are a group of
specialized cells that
perform the same
function
- Specialized
tissues can
develop by cell
differentiation e.g.
Red blood cell
carries oxygen
- occurs numerous
times during the
development of a
multicellular organism
as the organism
changes from a simple
zygote to a complex
system of tissues and
cell types.
- Undifferentiated
cell
- Stem cells
- Have the capacity to
differentiate(produce
different cell types),
this is necessary for
embryonic
development
- Embryonic stem cells can
be used to produce
regenerated tissue for
people with skin burns
and other therapeutic
uses
- Non-therapeutic: Use large
amounts of muscle fibers for
human consumption in
animals
- Embryonic stem cells can
be used to produce
regenerated tissue for
people with skin burns
and other therapeutic
uses
- can divide
(through
mitosis) to
produce more
stem cells
- Have the capacity to
differentiate(produce
different cell types),
this is necessary for
embryonic
development
- Stem cells
- animals, land plants and filamentous fungi
are multicellular, as are many algae
- 3. Microscopes
- Electron
- Resolution is 1 nanometer
- Reveals the ultrastructure of cells
- Reveals the ultrastructure of cells
- Resolution is 1 nanometer
- Light
- Maximum
resolution is
200
nanometers
- Reveals the cells structure
- Reveals the cells structure
- Maximum
resolution is
200
nanometers
- Electron
- 3. Common features:
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