Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Paradox
- Chia and Holt (2009) ‘entire realm of strategy
being pervaded by a paradoxical logic’, which
requires ‘an entirely different mode of
comprehension and engagement from that
of linear instrumental rationality’.
- Paradox lens/framework: Making sense of the
context, characterized by uncertainty,
turbulence, and ambiguity(Lewis,2000)
- Jarzabkowski et al (2013), organisations are
inherently paradoxical with interrelated and
contradictory elements that persist over
time (Smith and Lewis, 2011)
- “para” meaning “contrary” and “doxa”
“accepted opinion” - involves the
juxtaposition of two incompatible and
conflicting ideas
- Eastern
philosophy
- Phiosohical
foundation
and
evolution
- Morgan’s Images of Organization
(Morgan, 1986), highlighted the notion
of contradictory and mutually
sustaining opposites accompanied by
the ideas of paradox and dialectics
- Kierkegaard (1954) paradox as a
persistent ebb and flow between
infinite (uncertainty and exploration)
and finite (social norms or restriction)
oppositional forces
- Jung (1965)-conceptualisation of the
duality of self-i.e. conscious and
unconsciousness
- Rothenberg (1979) research on the
work of creative geniuses like
Einstein, Mozart and Picasso
- Smith and Berg (1987)- micro
psychological domains and potential of
paradoxical dynamics in virtuous and
vicious cycles (Smith & Berg, 1987).
- Quinn and Cameron (1988) idea of
contradiction in organizational studies
across levels and perspectives
emphasizing transformation and change.
- Poole and Van de Ven (1989)
focused on methodological theory
building approaches
- Smith and Lewis (2011) social construction and
emergent nature of paradox and defining paradox
as persistent contradiction between
interdependent elements
- Western
Philosophy
- Vicious and
Virtous Cycle
- dynamic equilibrium
model Smith and
Lewis (2011)
- organizing paradox: arise from the inherent
contradictions between different parts of
the organizational whole (Lewis, 2000) and
examines how firms create competing
designs and processes to achieve a desired
outcome
- Performing paradox- deals with the varied
goals and outcomes stemming from different
internal and external demands faced by a firm
or tensions between stakeholders interpreting
organizational outcomes differently (Jay, 2013).