The World Today-Marcos Corcoba Abarquero nº8 3ºA

Globalisation in the world today
1. Important historical events
  1. The fall of the Berlin Wall
  2. The end of the Cold War
  3. The dissolution of the Soviet Union
2. Disadvantages of the globalistaion
  1. Migration
  2. International conflicts
  3. Urban and demographic problems
3. Economic globalisation
  1. Cause: the spread of capitalism as an economic system
  2. Consecuence: has completely changed the map od global production
4. Features of the map of global production
  1. Tertiarisation and financialisation
  2. Concentrarion of wealth
  3. Multinationals
  4. Government bodies are now of secondary importance
  5. Ecnomic instability and increased inequality
  6. Relocation of industry
  7. Unemployent and a loss of purchasing power
Conflicts
1. Siglo XXI
  1. Causes
    1. Economic differences
    2. Unresolved conflicts
    3. Religious and cultural intolerance
  2. Consecuences
    1. Geopolitical tensions
    2. Civil conflicts
    3. Wars between nations
    4. Territorial disputes
    5. Terrorism
2. A world in conflict
  1. Central and South America
  2. The Arab Spring
  3. Pacific
  4. Russia's neighbouring countries
  5. Central Asia
  6. The Middle East
  7. Africa's forgotten conflicts
Migration
1. Definition: large population movements of migrants with different motivations
2. Causes
  1. Natural
    1. Force local populations to leave their home
  2. Political
    1. Conflicts and political crises disrupt a country and force dissidents, the persecuted and those who fear for their live, to leave
  3. Socioeconomic
    1. Emigrants seek a better quality of life in terms of:
      1. Education
      2. Employment
      3. Health
3. Types
  1. Forced
  2. Voluntary
  3. Temporary
  4. Permanent
Urban Problems
1. In 2007 it was estimated that more than a half of the world's population was living in the cities
  1. Why?
    1. The cities provide some advantages
      1. Better employment opportunities
      2. More servicies and leisure facilities
2. The constant growth produce some disadvantages
  1. Housing
  2. Social segregation
  3. Supplies and waste management
  4. Emvironmental degradation
3. Property speculation
  1. Caused by high demand and high land prices have caused a generalised increase in the cost of housing in all developed countries
Population
1. Is the number of inhabitants living in an area at a certain time
2. It is estimated that there are more than 7.3 billion people in the World today
3. To understand a population's characteristics
  1. To study its birth rates
  2. To study its death rates
  3. To study the life expectancy
  4. To study the natural population growth
Countries and levels of developments
1. Indicators to classify the country
  1. Information about the economy
  2. The level of social and cultural development
  3. Demographic and urban features
2. Classification of countries by development levels
  1. Developed countries
    1. Per capita GPD is vey hight
    2. Hight levels of cultural and development countries
    3. Their trade relations often assist with their development
    4. They have democratic political systems
    5. Rich countries
  2. Developing countries
    1. Underdevelopment
      1. Political instability
      2. Very little industrialisation
      3. Consumption per capita is very low
      4. Depend on developed countries
    2. Emerging economies
      1. Hight rates of economic growth
      2. A level of industrialisation that is sometimes even higher than of developed countries
International decision-making bodies
1. The United Nations
  1. All states in the world
  2. It was created in 1946
  3. Functions
    1. To provide humanitarian aid
    2. To guarantee international security and peace
    3. Defend human rights
  4. Organs
    1. General Assembly
    2. Security Council
    3. Secretariat
    4. International Court of Justice
  5. Limitations
    1. Depend on financial contributions
    2. The enormous power held by the five countries with the power of veto on the Security Council
    3. The lack of armed forces
  6. Organs
    1. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
    2. International Labour Organisation (ILO)
    3. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)
    4. World Health Organisation (WHO)
    5. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
    6. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
2. Non-governamental organisations
  1. In the final decades of the 20th century
  2. Characteristics
    1. Most of their staff work as volunteers
    2. They operate independently of any governmental power
    3. They deal with a wide variety of problems
    4. They are funded by membership fees and contributions from companies, institutions, and individuals
3. Regional organisations
  1. The European Union (EU)
  2. The African Union (AU)
  3. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
  4. Organisation of American States (OAS)
4. Informal forums
  1. G7 (1973): USA, Japan, Germay, The United Kingdom, Canada, France and Italy
  2. BRICS: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa
5. Economic organisations
  1. The World Trade Organisation (WTO)
  2. North American Free Trade Agreements (NAFTA)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF)
  4. World Bank

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The World Today-Marcos Corcoba Abarquero nº8 3ºA

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