Rulers Of Russia (1801-1924)

Anmerkungen:

• ...As well as schools and other things.

1. Was not seen as a possible heir as he was the third son of his father (the Tsar) and was not educated in the event of ruling Russia.
2. Nicholas wanted to give up power, giving the position back to his brother Constantine. but his elder brother refused.
3. Was adapted to a Military lifestyle before becoming the Tsar but the army were not well liked within in army.
4. Tsar Alexander I was childless when dieing being the throne was passed down to his brothers.
5. Tsar Alexander II (1855- 1881)
   1. Also known as 'Tsar Liberator' for his political and social reform movements and ideas.
   2. Ruled in a time where 80% of the Russian population were Surs/peasants.
   3. Intorduced the first form of elective Government in 1864 but was restricted to the wealthy and the educated.
   4. Issued a ukase (Imperial decree) to abolish all surfdom.
      1. This did not mean that Surfs were free - Instead of being tied to their owners they were tied to the land.
      2. Surfs forced to live in 'mirs'.

         Anmerkungen:

         • Mirs - communes'
         • Redemption payments invented for surfs to pay.
   5. Tsar Alexander III ( 1881-1894)
      1. Tsar Nicholas II (1894 - 1917)

         Anmerkungen:

         • End of the Absolute Monarchy
         1. During the first World War he left the Government in charge of the Tsarina Alexandra, who was strongly disiked due to be part German, and went to the Home front and became the Commander in Chief of the Army.
         2. Refused to abdicate during the 1905 revolution, carried on ruling Russia untill 1917 when the 1917 February slapped him in the face and he was forced to abdicate.
         3. His wife, the Tsarina, was rumoured to have slept with Rasputin, a man who is deemed to play a large part in the downfall of the Tsarist regime.
         4. Exceuted with family in 1917 by the Bolsheviks so that the Check's would not get their hands on the Tsar and his family.

            Anmerkungen:

            • It should be noted that the rumour of Anistasia (the Tsar's daughter) did not escape and was burried apart from the rest of the Tsar's familt with young Alexi. Their remains were discovered in 2010.
         5. Prince Lvov (1917-February to July)

            Anmerkungen:

            • Start of the Provisional Government (1917, February)
            1. Alexander Kerensky (1917-July to October)

               Anmerkungen:

               • End of the Provisional Government (1917, October)
               1. Lenin (1917-1924)

                  Anmerkungen:

                  • Start of The Communist Government (1917, after October, -1924)
                  1. Created the Sovnarkom so that the Constituent Assembly had to run bills/decrees through him (Lenin) before making them law.
                  2. A Bolshevik (later re-named the Communists after the Civil War) who believed that a social revolution could occur striaght after the Bourgeoisie revolution that put the workers in charge of the Government.
                  3. Created War Communism which meant all agricultiral supplies went to the army (Trosky's Red Army in this case) during the Civil War (1919-1921)
                  4. Died in 1924, due to an assassination attempt injury.
               2. Towards the end of his position in power, Kerensky panicked - giving weapons to Bolsheviks and releasing some of the Bolsheviks leading members in an attempt to protect Petrograd from the potential threat of the Kornilov army.
               3. Was a member of both the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet, had a 'foot on both sides'
               4. Refused to pull out of the first World War despite the majority of the country wanting peace. This also made Kerensky vastly unpopular with the Russian citizens towards the of his postion in power.
               5. Head of the Provisional Government

                  Anmerkungen:

                  • The Provisional Government (PG) was the system the Russians had planned to temporarily adapted too in order tp figure out a more perminent way of Governing the Empire.
            2. Took over from the Tsar for a short period to try and stabilise the government system.
            3. (He was asked)
            4. Russian social reformer and statesman.
            5. The Provisional Governent was established during the February Revolution of 1917.
         6. Wanted to evacuate to England was accepted but then rejected due to PM Asquith changing his mind.
         7. He was not a good commander in Chief to say the least. He had no former experience with war, was lacking in the ability to stratigically plan both offensive and defensive strikes, unable to form a system to get supplies to those at the front line*, wasn't too good with words meaning his was unable to boost the morale of his soliders on the Front line and so on.
      2. Stripped the current Government bare to re-build it.
      4. Made university fees too high causing the students to protest - The Universities were then shut.
   6. Subsistance Agriculture (Could provide enough food for themselves but not enough to ship out.
   7. Local government units were known as 'Zemstva'

      Anmerkungen:

      • Local Governments extended to towns and cities in 1870.
   8. Believed that surfs and such should have some form of rights.
   9. Assassinated in a car when going to a political meeting.