Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Obedience
- Complying with an order from another
person to carry out an action. The
person is usually of authority and has
power.
- Mai Lai Massacre
(Example of dangers)
- 500 innocent vietnamese
civilians slaughtered by the
Charlie Company
- Lieutenant Calley's response
- "i was ordered to go there
and destroy the enemy... That
was the mission i was given."
- He was merely taking orders
and bore no direct responsibility.
- Milgram 1974
- Set out to question the "Germans
are different" hypothesis.
- He believed that the situation led to
the inhumane behavior and that
anybody could behave the same way
under the circumstances.
- Situational explanation
- Advertised for
participants at
Yale university
- Participant was paired
with a learner
(confederate) and
witnessed electrodes
being put onto the
learners head before
entering another room.
- if a learner got a word wrong
the teacher would shock them.
- Milgram predicted 2% would
shock to 450v but 65% did.
- Hofling et al
1966
- 22 nurses received phone calls from a
confederate doctor instructing them to give a
patient 20mg of a made up drug.
- The label on the box clearly stated that 10mg was the
maximum daily dose. if the nurse obeyed she would be
breaking the rules requiring written authorisation..
- 21 out of 22 nurses complied
without hesitation.
- Bickman 1974
- Three male researchers
gave orders to 153
random pedestrians.
- Participants were more likely to obey
the researcher dressed as a guard (80%)
than the milkman or civilian (40%).
- Milgrams variations
- Change of
location condition.
- Two teacher condition.
- Touch proximity condition.
- Uniform condition.
- Social support condition.
- Absent experimenter
condition.