Chemistry

Three rock types
1. Sedimentary
  1. Layers of sediments, grains stuck together
  2. Example: Sandstone
2. Igneous
  1. Magma cooling down
  2. Example: Granite
3. Metamorphic
  1. Sedimentary rock compressed
  2. Example: Marble
Limestone
1. Quarrying Limestone
  1. For:
    1. - a quarry provides jobs for local people
      1. - an important material used for buildings
        - limestone is exported to other countries, important for the UK economy
  2. Against:
    1. - noisy machinery, disturbs local residents and wildlife
      1. - transporting limestone away from a quarry causes pollution
        - unavailable space for other uses e.g. farming
Electrolysis of water
1. Hydrogen - squeaky pop
2. Oxygen - re-lights a splint
3. Carbon Dioxide - milky solution > limewater
4. Chlorine - litmus paper
Neutralisation
1. acid+alkali -> salt+water
2. A neutralisation reaction is where an acid reacts with the base (alkali) to produce a neutral solution of a salt and water.
Atmosphere
1. The changing atmosphere
  1. Carbon dioxide - dissolved into oceans
    1. Plants - photosynthesised
      1. Animals - breathed in oxygen
        water vapour - condensed and formed oceans
2. The early atmosphere
  1. Volcanoes released:
    1. - carbon dioxide
      1. - water vapour
        - small amounts of methane and ammonia
        And there was NO oxygen
3. Present atmosphere
  1. Nitrogen - 78%
  2. Oxygen 21%
  3. Argon - 0.9%
  4. Carbon Dioxide - 0.04%

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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