Didactics of the EnglishLanguage I

1. Old Approaches
   1. The reading approach
      1. This approach focuses on literature and philosophy that had been produced in this language.
      2. This approach was for the students to come away from the study ofa foreing language being be able to read the target language.
   2. The audiolingual approach
      1. With the outbreak of World War II, armies needed to become orally proficient in the language of their allies and enemies as quickly as possible.
      2. This teaching technique was initially called the Army Method, and was the first to be based on linguistic theory and behavioral psycology.
   3. The oral-sitiational approach
      1. The approach advocated organizing structures around sitiations that provide the learner with maximum opportunity to practice the target language.
      2. This approach focuses on choral repetition, or reading of text and memorization of dialoges.
2. New Approaches
   1. The cognotive approach by Noam Chomsky
      1. This approach is the study of mental processes like critical thinking, problem solving and, of cuourse, language. Noam Chomshy thought that the study of language acquisition had important contributions to make the study of cognition.
   2. The effective humanistic approach
      1. It emphasizes on the sotial climate in the classroom, and the development of positive relationships between the teaher and the learners and among the learners themselves
   3. The comprehension-base by Stephen Krashen
      1. It is based on the research and writings. krashen asserted that students learn language through comprehensible input, and that teaching should focus on helping students comprehend language.
   4. The communicative approach by Dell Hymes
      1. This approach is about the ability to communicate efectively and appropiately. It does not matter if the gramatical and pronunciation aspect is good.

1. Grammar translation method (GTM)
   1. This method is about grammar rules. The GMT is also know as the death method. The learning of an L2 is merely seen as a mental prosses rather than Communicative process.
2. The audio-lingual method
   1. This method focuses on the development of listening and speaking over the other language skills. Most of the instruction takes place in the classroom by asking students to listening and repeat.

Anmerkungen:

• This method is conected with the humanistic approach in the sentence thatlearning was seen as a the result of phycological, and effective therapeutic relationship

1. Communicative language method ( CLT)
   1. It is base on the idea that learning successfully comes as a resultof authentic exposure to communication in real scenarios
2. Community language learning (CLL)
   1. In this method, the lesson looks more like theraphy than a class . Students will have a very specific rules as clients and the teacher will act as conselor.
3. The Natural approach method
   1. It is a language teaching method It is language learning is a reproduction of the way humans naturally acquire their native language. Students learn the second language as they learn their L1

1. (Content Language Integrate Language) it is a innovative teaching method that allows instructors to teach content and language simultaneously , saving time and creating a more naturalisticenviroment for language acquisition.

1. Approach
   1. It is the theory leading to the way people learn. Assumptions (theory) that how people learn the language.
2. Technique
   1. Technques will be a single activity that the teacher develops inside a classroom or autside the classroom. Specific activities manifested in the classroom that are consistent with a method and therefore in harmony with an approach.
3. Method
   1. an overal plan for systematic presentation of language based upon a selected approah. It is the process that planing.