History- Ancient Medicine

Prehistoric
1. Key words
  1. Trephining
    1. Cutting a small hole in the skull and removing a piece to let out evil spirits
  2. Medicine men
    1. Could understand and deal with the spirits
2. No conclusions are certain
  1. Evidence from fossils and Aborigines
3. Health of people
  1. Physically fit
  2. Good teeth
  3. Short
  4. Women died before men
    1. Childbirth
  5. Most died before 40
  6. Osteoarthritis
4. Causes
  1. Evil spirits
  2. Broken bones from accidents
  3. Pregnancy
  4. Pain from hard work
  5. Lack of hygiene
5. Who treated illness
  1. Medicine men
  2. Women
6. Treatments
  1. Charms to ward off evil sirits
  2. Herbal remedies
  3. Basic surgery such as setting broken bones
  4. Trephining
Egyptian
1. Anatomy
  1. Heart controlled the body
  2. Blood carried air and water
  3. Channels
  4. Recognized heart, blood, liver, brain, and lungs.
2. Who treated illness
  1. Priests
    1. Encouraged cleanliness
  2. Specialist doctors employed by the rich
  3. Family (especially women)
3. Causes
  1. Gods
  2. Blocked Channel Theory
    1. Rotting (undigested) food let off gases that caused disease and blocked the channels in the body
      1. People ate healthier diets
4. Treatments
  1. Herbal remedies
  2. Charms
  3. Simple surgery on the surface of the body
5. Egyptian life and medicine
  1. Wealthy and powerful pharoahs
    1. Could employ priests as specialist doctors
  2. Hieroglyphics
    1. Writing down ideas
  3. Priests had to be clean
    1. Disease didn't spread as easily
  4. Embalming for the after life
    1. Learnt about anatomy
  5. Farmers used water channels
    1. Developed channel theory
  6. Trade
    1. Herbs
Greeks
1. Four Humours
  1. Yellow bile
    1. Summer
    2. Fire
    3. Change in diet
  2. Black bile
    1. Autumn
    2. Earth
    3. Take something to make you sick
  3. Blood
    1. Spring
    2. Air
    3. Bleeding
  4. Phlegm
    1. Winter
    2. Water
    3. Honey
2. Causes
  1. Gods
  2. Imbalance of the Four humours
3. Treatments
  1. Balance the humours
  2. Charms
  3. Careful observation
  4. Asclepion
  5. Herbal remedies
4. Hippocrates
5. Alexandria
  1. Centre of medical knowledge
  2. University
  3. Library
Romans
1. Who treated illnes
  1. Trained doctors
  2. Women
  3. Salus
    1. Goddess of health
2. Causes
  1. Gods
  2. Four humours
3. Public Health
  1. Aqueducts
    1. For the rich and the army
    2. Stored in reseviour
  2. Baths
    1. Used once a week
  3. Drains and sewers
    1. into rivers
  4. Needed healthy army
    1. Practice for doctors
4. Treatments
  1. Same as Greeks
  2. Theory of opposites
    1. Galen built on Hippocrates theory of the Four Humours
  3. Army had hospitals and doctors/surgeons
  4. Bleeding
  5. Amputations
  6. Trephining
  7. Doctors recommended exercise and changes on diet or prescribed herbs (opposites)

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History- Ancient Medicine

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