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Mindmap von Georgia Stanley, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Georgia Stanley
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AS Philosophy - Descartes' a Priori
Reasoning
- POINT 1
- All sensory experiences can be doubted. Sensory (empirical) evidence is doubtable.
- - all sense experience is produced by an 'evil demon'
- - you cannot tell that the experience is false by experience
- EMPIRICISM FAILS TO SECURE CERTAINTY
- - cannot know whether or not the experience is true or false
because we cannot doubt the origins of our sense experience
- - cannot know whether or not the experience is true or false
because we cannot doubt the origins of our sense experience
- - all sense experience is produced by an 'evil demon'
- All sensory experiences can be doubted. Sensory (empirical) evidence is doubtable.
- POINT 2
- Something that cannot be doubted.
"I think therefore I am"
- Descartes' realises that when he is thinking, he exists, even if an evil demon is
trying to convince him that he isn't
- Descarts cannot doubt that he is thinking
- Descartes arrives at his certainty through reasoning and intuition
- Descartes' realises that when he is thinking, he exists, even if an evil demon is
trying to convince him that he isn't
- Something that cannot be doubted.
"I think therefore I am"
- POINT 3
- Descartes cannot doubt that he exists but he can doubt that he is physical
- - Descartes only believes he has a body because of sense experiences, but
these are doubtable (evil demon)
- - Descartes only believes he has a body because of sense experiences, but
these are doubtable (evil demon)
- Descartes cannot doubt that he exists but he can doubt that he is physical
- POINT 4
- Descartes offers 3 options for what might cause our experiences of physical objects
- 1. Real world
- 2. God
- God is the creator of (false) experiences of physical objects
because he would be decieving us.
- God is the creator of (false) experiences of physical objects
because he would be decieving us.
- 3. Evil demon
- God is no deciever because he's not a demon - because God would be allowing
a demon to convince us of something false, but god isn't a deciever
- God is no deciever because he's not a demon - because God would be allowing
a demon to convince us of something false, but god isn't a deciever
- CONCLUSION 1
- Because god is perfect, he is not a deciever, so if god exists
there must be an external physical world
- Because god is perfect, he is not a deciever, so if god exists
there must be an external physical world
- CONCLUSION 2
- There must be a self + physical world because both can be justified through rational
intuition and demonstration. As long as god exists, sense experience cannot reach this
proof, because it is doubtable.
- There must be a self + physical world because both can be justified through rational
intuition and demonstration. As long as god exists, sense experience cannot reach this
proof, because it is doubtable.
- 1. Real world
- Descartes offers 3 options for what might cause our experiences of physical objects
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