Cell Transports Study Guide

Membrane Residents
1. Active Transport What is this?
  1. A cellular transport where substances move against a concentration gradient.
  2. Moves from an lower zone of concentration to a region of higher concentration.
    1. Activity Status?
    2. Then?..
      1. This action requires lavishing amount of energy.
        What kind of energy?
        Carrier Proteins
        Example: Sodium-potassium pump
  3. *Characteristics*
    1. This transports grants support for conventional stability.
    2. Preserves cell Homeostasis.
    3. The movement of solutes against a concentration or electrochemical gradient.
  4. Key Types
    1. Endocytosis
      1. Complete opposite action of exocytosis. A process in which cell takes in materials from the outside by engulfing and fusing them with its plasma membrane.
      2. Endo=Entering/Inside
    2. Exocytosis
      1. When materials leave the cell by the membrane “spitting it out”. The process of transporting elements from inside the cell to the exterior(outside).
      2. Ex=Exiting/Outside
    3. Carrier Proteins
      1. Special membrane proteins that use energy to move molecules across the membrane.
        Ion or Molecular species
2. Passive Transport What is this?
  1. Movement of substances from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration, along a concentration gradient.
  2. Activity Status?
    1. Moves from High Concentration to Low areas of concentrations
      1. Then?..
        This doesn't require no energy at all
        Example: The kidneys and the liver, and in the alveoli of the lungs when they exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, Gas change.
  3. *Characteristics*
    1. Passive transport is a naturally-occurring phenomenon.
    2. The transition is produced by irregular Kinetic Energy(KE) of the molecules, so it does not demand any energy data.
  4. Key Types
    1. Simple Diffusion
      1. Transpires when elements move to regions in high concentration to a low concentration such as Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.
        Concentration Gradient
        The gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution. Unequal distribution ions between Extracellular and Intracellular fluids
        Concentrations
        Amount of substances in that area.
      2. Simple Diffusion a Across Membrane
        Passes of molecules through the Lipid-Bilayer.
        Phospholipids organized in two layers wherein their hydrophobic tails are projecting inward while their polar head groups are projecting outward.
        Bi=Two
        Striving to attain equilibrium.
        The state of balance.
        Little to no charge molecules; (O2, CO2, H2O , Etc.
    2. Osmosis
      1. During osmosis there is directions.
        Isotonic
        50% H2O 50% Salute
        50% H2O 50% Salute
        Dynamic Equilibrium movement of water.
        Neither alteration in the form so, it's a definite homeostasis condition.
        Solute concentration is the same as the solute concentration of another solution, having the same osmotic pressure and the same water potential.
        "S" means Same(Equal).
        Hypertonic
        50% Salute 50% H2O
        90% Salute 10% H2O
        More salute in the solution outside of the cell wall meaning Low concentration in the environment.
        Water will exit a area like so.
        "E" means Exit.
        Hypotonic
        50% H2O 50% Salute
        90% H2O 10% Salute
        Less solute solute that surrounds the cell, highlighting high concentrations in the environment.
      2. Water moves from high concentration to low concentration.
        Example: If you are there in a bath tub or in water for long your finger gets pruned.
      3. *Characteristics*
        Implicating water molecules traveling in a particular preamble membrane transversely.
        Water is represented by Solvent.
        Distinctive Sort Of Diffusion, extremely significant in living organisms
        Cells carry out the process of osmosis all the time.
        Molecules that dissolve in water; Chemicals, sugar and water.
    3. Factors that affect The Rate Of Diffusion(ROD)
      1. Concentration
        Increase in Concentration = Increase of particles = More Particle Collision = More ROD.
      2. Pressure
        Increase of Pressure = Decrease of space = Close together = Increase of Particle Collision = ROD.
      3. Tempature
        Increase of Temp = Increase in KE = Increase of Particle Collision = ROD.
    4. Facilitate Diffusion
      1. Doesn't Require energy.
      2. Molecules move through special proteins.
        Gated Proteins.
        Channel Proteins.
      3. Moves from High concentration to Low concentration.

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Cell Transports Study Guide

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