2861082
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Niamh Walsh, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Niamh Walsh
vor mehr als 9 Jahre
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Modern and Smart Materials
- Modern
- Fibre optics
- transmit light as a digital signal (in pulses)
- more data can be sent
because each glass fibre in the
cable can carry data
- transmit light as a digital signal (in pulses)
- Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
- allow light to pass through when aligned 'naturally''; when a
small voltage is applied the path of the electron flow changes,
blocking light
- reflective or backlit
- e.g. calculator displays, TV screens
- allow light to pass through when aligned 'naturally''; when a
small voltage is applied the path of the electron flow changes,
blocking light
- Glulam
- the laminating of large spans of timber for use in the
construction industry
- curved and arched beams are possible
- good strength-to-weight ratio
- manufactured by gluing timber of
known quality together, end-gluing
to make long lengths
- uses offcuts - some environmental benefits
- the laminating of large spans of timber for use in the
construction industry
- Kevlar
- has 5x the strength-to-weight ratio of steel
- fibres are woven together flat
- used for bulletproof vests
- Nomex (a deriavtive)
protects against heat and is
worn by racing drivers
- has 5x the strength-to-weight ratio of steel
- Carbon fibre
- made up of carbon woven into a
cloth, impregnatted with resin to
hold them together
- very lightweight
- high strength
- often used in F1 racing and sports equipment
- made up of carbon woven into a
cloth, impregnatted with resin to
hold them together
- Polymorph
- a low melt polymer (60˚c) which can be remoulded easily
- a low melt polymer (60˚c) which can be remoulded easily
- Man made boards
- Flexible MDF
- thin grooves cut into
the material, allowing
it to bend
- usually the grooves cannot be
seen as they are inside
- only able to bend at 90˚ to the grooves
- thin grooves cut into
the material, allowing
it to bend
- Flexi ply
- as with ordinary plywood,
there is an odd number of
layers - usually 3
- two outer layers are open
grained, and are much thicker
than the core
- direction of grain determines direction of curvature
- expensive
- used for aesthetics and on furnitiure
- as with ordinary plywood,
there is an odd number of
layers - usually 3
- Aeroply
- thin section of very high quality plywood
- very lightweight, whilst retaining good strength
- bendable, so is formed around a
supporting framework
- can be laser cut and steam bent
- commonly used for jewellery and in the
aircraft industry (not so much now)
- thin section of very high quality plywood
- Flexible MDF
- Fibre optics
- Smart
- Thermochromic pigments
- Change colour in response to heat
- Change colour in response to heat
- Phosphorescent pigments
- absorb light and
then release the light
energy over a period
of time
- e.g. emergency
warning signs,
24hr clock faces
- absorb light and
then release the light
energy over a period
of time
- Shape memory alloys
- e.g. nitinol wire
- shrinks in length by 5%
when an electrical current
is passed through it
- shrinks in length by 5%
when an electrical current
is passed through it
- e.g. stent
- bio-engineering - it shrinks when
chilled, so when placed into a
blocked/collapsed artery it returns
to its original size
- bio-engineering - it shrinks when
chilled, so when placed into a
blocked/collapsed artery it returns
to its original size
- e.g. memoflex glasses
- nickel/titanium alloy which will
return to its original shape at
room temperature after being
deformed. A 'superelastic' alloy
- nickel/titanium alloy which will
return to its original shape at
room temperature after being
deformed. A 'superelastic' alloy
- e.g. nitinol wire
- Piezoelectric devices
- Produce an electrical signal when compressed
- e.g. sensors on bridges -
will produce a signal
when the load is above a
certain amount
- Produce an electrical signal when compressed
- Quantum tunnelling composites
- change from an insulator to a conductor
when a deliberate force is applied
- e.g. touch sensitive clothing
- e.g. touch sensitive clothing
- change from an insulator to a conductor
when a deliberate force is applied
- Thermochromic pigments
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