Sources of Law

Sources of Origin
1. Customary Law
2. Rationalist Law
  1. reasonable principles
    1. recognised in legal doctorines
3. Created Law
  1. laid down by a body empowered to to do so
    1. court
    2. legislator
  2. legislation
  3. cases
  4. treaties
Sources of Validity
1. institutional rules
  1. created by empowered institutions, thus valid
  2. comes from some other rule
  3. eg: created by Parliament
2. source thesis
  1. stem from a source of law
  2. all rules are institutional
Legislation
1. ways to create rules
  1. new, modify or derogate existing
2. decree, bylaw, statute, act
3. creates law
  1. source of origin
4. rules result of legislation
  1. validity source
Conflicts
1. Lex Superior
  1. hierarchy between legal bodies
2. Lex Specialis
  1. overinclusive
  2. underinclusive
  3. more specific rule applies
3. Lex Posterior
  1. new rule prevails over older
Treaties
1. become a way of creating legal rules
  1. rule creation by cooperating states
2. Westphalia concept
  1. outdated
3. larger scope
Case Law
1. Civil Law
  1. influence
    1. similar cases treated alike
    2. rationality
    3. legal certainty
    4. indirect authority
  2. SOURCE OF ORIGIN
2. Common Law tradition
  1. SOURCE OF VALIDITY
  2. Ration Decidendi
    1. reason based on what the decision was made
  3. Distinguishing
    1. similarity between cases has to be decided
  4. Broadening
    1. treating cases similarly even though similarity is ot obvious
Customary Law
1. "usus"- latin
2. conditions
  1. 1. custom concerning a guideline for behavior 2. accepted as binding
Civil Law
1. Source of Origin
  1. customary law
  2. case law
  3. reason
  4. legal doctrine
2. Validity Source
  1. legislation
  2. treaties
Common Law
1. Source of Origin
  1. customary law
  2. legal doctrine
  3. reason
2. Validity Source
  1. case law
  2. legislation
  3. treaties

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