neurons and synaptic transmissions

the central nervous system (CNS)
1. brain = conscious awareness
2. spinal cord = passes messages to and from the brain
  1. connects nerves to PNS
  2. responsible for relax action
The Peripheral nervous system
1. transmits messages through millions of neutrons to CNS
2. Autonomic nervous system
  1. breathing
  2. heart rate
  3. digestion
  4. stress responses
3. somatic nervous system
  1. muscle movement
neurons
1. sensory neuron
  1. carry messages from PNS to CNS
  2. long dendrites and short axon
2. relay neuron
  1. connect sensory to motor
  2. short dendrites and short axon
3. motor neurons
  1. short dendrites and long axons
  2. connect CNS to effectors ie. muscle and glands
synaptic transmission
1. Action potential travels down presynaptic synapse
  1. when electrical pulse reaches end of neuron
    1. electrical impulse goes into vesicles
      1. this the triggers the release of neurotransmissions
        these diffuse across the the synapse to the postsynaptic synapse
        to the postsynaptic receptor site
        if positive charge (excitation) action potential more likely ie. adrenaline
        if negative charge less like to fire action potential (inhibition) ie. serotonin
        summation
        the sum if going to be more excitation or inhibition
        diffuse chemically
The structure of a neuron
1. axon= carries impulse away from cell body
2. nodes of ranvier = gaps to action potential jumps
3. myelin sheath= protects axon and speeds up electrical transmission
4. cell body = includes nucleus (Store genetic info)
5. direction of conduction= one way

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neurons and synaptic transmissions

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