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Beschreibung
Mindmap von Phoebe Love9489, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Phoebe Love9489
vor etwa 9 Jahre
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Daily Life 2
- Coaches and Carriages
- How Austen's characters travelled
- London carriage-builder of her time = William Felton
- Wrote "A Treatise on Carriages"
- Wrote "A Treatise on Carriages"
- London carriage-builder of her time = William Felton
- CARRIAGE: general name for nearly
every horse-drawn passenger
vehicle; Austen mainly called them
carriages, and the specific names
with less frequency; such a careful
writer would have had reasons for
this
- A CHARIOT, a CHAISE,
or GIG = kind of carriage
- Built to meet the exact wishes of
the buyer, therefore there could be
considerable difference in design
from carriage to carriage of
techically the same type
- Names applied loosely: (Persuasion)
Narrator calls their vehicle a gig (when
Crofts offer Anne a ride on her walk),
and then in the same paragraph called a
it a one-horse chaise
- A CHARIOT, a CHAISE,
or GIG = kind of carriage
- How Austen's characters travelled
- Walking/Roads
- For those with very little money (a large fraction of
society) walking was the only method of travel, but util
the 18th century, roads were so bad that walking was
usually the fastest means of travel
- Austen, and many of her characters seemed to
travel fairly easily and rapidly; the quality of English
roads ranged quite widely in her time (poor to
quite good/smooth)
- For those with very little money (a large fraction of
society) walking was the only method of travel, but util
the 18th century, roads were so bad that walking was
usually the fastest means of travel
- CHEAPEST (a fourth of the stagecoach price) vehicle = the THELONG WAGON;
it carried passengers as well as goods; moved slower that walking (slow,
clumsy and primitive); quite uncomfortable; not mentioned in Austen's work
- Transport of goods by road was expensive (1 miles = 100 miles on water); this is why the
Dashwood furniture "was all sent round by water" from Norland to Barton
- Transport of goods by road was expensive (1 miles = 100 miles on water); this is why the
Dashwood furniture "was all sent round by water" from Norland to Barton
- STAGECOACHES
- Many English people, even the gentry on
occasion, used these (not necessarily
comfortable); people kept horses stabled
underground at coaching inns (land =
expensive in London); Mr and Mrs Gardiner
may have used horses from such an inn for
the 1st stage of their northern journey;
many other characters used stagecoaches,
as many of Austen's brothers used them,
and she used them in her later life
- 1784: Royal Mail Stagecoaches made a revolutionary improvement in English mail service (much safer,
quicker, etc); set standards of speed/safety by which all other travel was judged (could outrun pursuers
and guard and driver with pistols could protect them from highwaymen)
- In Austen's time, the Mail coaches set off from central London promptly at 8pm (journeys at night were not always
comfortable) every day to 320 destinations; they operated in all weathers, guards overcoming terrible obstacles such as
wind, snow, and sub-zero temps (horses/guards/carriages sometimes did not survive)
- "Many felt coach-fevered, crazed and stunned" - Mail Service was therefore caricatured
- "Many felt coach-fevered, crazed and stunned" - Mail Service was therefore caricatured
- Mail coacheslost passengers (7max per coach) in
1830's (absence of highwaymen);
started to disappear when railroads
covered land in the early 20th century
- Austen only mentions highway robbers once (that is to say they did not
trouble Catherine Morland on her journey to Bath) (avoided them bc
she had satirisied melodrama in her young stories
- HIGHWAYMEN
- a major concern in earlier times, but declined through the 2nd half of the 18th century
- a major concern in earlier times, but declined through the 2nd half of the 18th century
- HIGHWAYMEN
- Austen only mentions highway robbers once (that is to say they did not
trouble Catherine Morland on her journey to Bath) (avoided them bc
she had satirisied melodrama in her young stories
- 1784: Royal Mail Stagecoaches made a revolutionary improvement in English mail service (much safer,
quicker, etc); set standards of speed/safety by which all other travel was judged (could outrun pursuers
and guard and driver with pistols could protect them from highwaymen)
- Many English people, even the gentry on
occasion, used these (not necessarily
comfortable); people kept horses stabled
underground at coaching inns (land =
expensive in London); Mr and Mrs Gardiner
may have used horses from such an inn for
the 1st stage of their northern journey;
many other characters used stagecoaches,
as many of Austen's brothers used them,
and she used them in her later life
- HORSEBACK
- Considered in most respects a step up from the
stagecoach or trips of moderate length
- For those with less money, it was possible to rent a horse, eg.
Edward Ferrars (S+S) - he probably used stagecoach for
majority of his journey; horses could manage max of "twenty
miles"
- Austen tries to disassociate her towns from real towns, eg.
Highbury, by showing geographic impossibilty
- Women rode for pleasure and exercise, but not all liked it, eg. Jane Bennet
- Women rode for pleasure and exercise, but not all liked it, eg. Jane Bennet
- Austen tries to disassociate her towns from real towns, eg.
Highbury, by showing geographic impossibilty
- For those with less money, it was possible to rent a horse, eg.
Edward Ferrars (S+S) - he probably used stagecoach for
majority of his journey; horses could manage max of "twenty
miles"
- Considered in most respects a step up from the
stagecoach or trips of moderate length
- THE CHAISE
- Four-wheeled closed carriage (travelling), eg. Susan Price sat on the
fold-out seat, facing forard with her smiles hidden by her bonnet (all
seats faced forward)
- The plain post-chaise = one of the most frequently
seen vehicles on English roads in her time
- Used a suspension system common in Austen's time to increase passenger comfort on
the poor English roads
- Oddity: no seat for the driver, instead controlled by a post-boy, or
postilion, who roade on the near of left horse
- William Felton called the use of this
absurd (over-burdened the horse and
ruing many good horses)
- William Felton called the use of this
absurd (over-burdened the horse and
ruing many good horses)
- owned/used by major characters by major characters in every novel
- Oddity: no seat for the driver, instead controlled by a post-boy, or
postilion, who roade on the near of left horse
- Four-wheeled closed carriage (travelling), eg. Susan Price sat on the
fold-out seat, facing forard with her smiles hidden by her bonnet (all
seats faced forward)
- CURRICLE
- kind of early sports car (small lightweight carriage drawn by two horses for speed); sometimes had only two
wheels; Willoughby used one for driving Marianne Dashwood around Barton
- users = young men (Mr Darcy, Mr William Elliot, Charles Musgrove, Tom
Musgrove, Mr Rushworth, Henry Tilney and Willoughby
- users = young men (Mr Darcy, Mr William Elliot, Charles Musgrove, Tom
Musgrove, Mr Rushworth, Henry Tilney and Willoughby
- kind of early sports car (small lightweight carriage drawn by two horses for speed); sometimes had only two
wheels; Willoughby used one for driving Marianne Dashwood around Barton
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