Homeostasis: control in the body

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A-Level Biology (Homeostasis) Mindmap am Homeostasis: control in the body, erstellt von crossers_x am 23/11/2013.
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Mindmap von crossers_x, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von crossers_x vor fast 11 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Homeostasis: control in the body
  1. WATER LEVEL
    1. method
      1. in
        1. food and drinks
        2. out
          1. breathing
            1. urine and faeces
              1. sweat
            2. Kidneys regulate water content of the body
              1. ADH
                1. blood too concentrated, releases ADH
                  1. kidneys release less water, stays in blood
                  2. remove excess fluid
                    1. send to bladder
                      1. stored then eliminated as urine
                  3. when hot or exercisng we lose water through sweat
                    1. we then produce less urine, although it is more concentrated
                  4. blood glucose level
                    1. provides energy supply
                      1. pancreas
                        1. detects high levels (after a meal)
                          1. releases insulin
                            1. stored as glycogen by muscles
                          2. detects low levels (exercise)
                            1. releases glucagon
                              1. converts glycogen back to glucose
                          3. Diabetics often either don't produce insulin or cant detect it
                          4. TEMPERATURE
                            1. methods
                              1. sweating
                                1. too cold: no sweating
                                  1. too hot: sweating increases, evaporation cools skin
                                  2. hairs
                                    1. too cold: hairs stand up to trap a layer of air
                                      1. too hot: hairs lie flat
                                      2. shivering
                                        1. too hot: muscle activity reduces
                                          1. too cold: contractions generate heat
                                          2. blood flow to skin
                                            1. too hot: blood vessels dilate , so more blood to skin(vasodilation)
                                              1. too cold: blood vessels constrict, reducing blood flow(vasoconstriction)
                                          3. IONS + SALTS
                                            1. lost through
                                              1. skin as sweat
                                                1. kidneys as urine
                                                2. includes
                                                  1. sodium
                                                    1. chloride
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