Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic)
- Carboxylic Acid (RCOOH)
- Formation
- Oxidation of Aldehydes
- Hydrolysis of Esters, AC, nitriles, amides
- P.Prop
- H-bond → soluble in organic solvents and water
- RCOOH + PCL5 → RCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
- Formation of Acyl Chloride (RCOCl)
- Esters (R'COOR)
- Formation
- C.A + A: Reflux, Strong acid
- AC/AA + A: Reflux, Dry
- AA less reactive →
slower, less toxic,
less exothermic
- C.Prop
- Relatively unreactive
- Hydrolysis break O bridge
- Acidic: Reversible
- Basic: 1D, Water soluble ionic salt
formed, then react with HCl
- Uses
- Nice smell
- Solvent
- Plasticisers
- Saponification -
Alkaline Hydrolysis of
triglycerol esters
- Biodiesel
- Amides (RCONH2)
- Hydrolysis
- +H2O → RCOOH + NH3
- +HCl → RCOOH + NH4Cl
- +NaOH → RCOONa + NH3
- Reduce to primary amines
- Nitriles (RCN)
- Aldehydes (RCHO)
- Formation
- Oxi of primary Alcohols
- Reduction of CA
- Easily oxidised
- Ketones (R'COR)
- Oxi of secondary alcohols
- Resistant to oxidation
- Acyl Chlorides (RCOCl)
- +Amines → N-substituted amides
- +Ammonia → Amide
- → Esters
- Alcohol (ROH)
- Identification Tests
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