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EVALUATION OF THE BEHAVIOURAL APPROACH
- + SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
- introduced by Watson start of 20th Century.
- Pavlov work was objective, scientific.
- e.g. studies observable, measurable behaviours
- operationalised in terms of stimulus- response
- could relate to little albert
- could relate to little albert
- operationalised in terms of stimulus- response
- e.g. studies observable, measurable behaviours
- Pavlov work was objective, scientific.
- analyse, quantify and compare behaviour
- see beliefs from facts- conduct experiments
- therapies, have scientific evidence, can observe and measure.
- could relate to SD
- could relate to SD
- introduced by Watson start of 20th Century.
- FOCUS ON THE HERE AND NOW
- Not concerned with the past like other approaches
- does not work for all people or disorders
- treatment of disorders focuses on current symptoms and not causes
- e.g. aversion therapy
- alcohol and new stimulus response
- not why, but stop it
- not why, but stop it
- alcohol and new stimulus response
- e.g. 2 - SD treat undesirable behaviour
- via counterconditioning - new stimulus/response
- does not look for cause, removes symptoms
- does not look for cause, removes symptoms
- via counterconditioning - new stimulus/response
- e.g. aversion therapy
- does not work for all people or disorders
- ignores the underlying cause
- Not concerned with the past like other approaches
- SUCCESSFUL
APPLICATIONS
- applied in the real world
- education
- mental illness
- e.g. classical conditioning and aversion therapy
- e.g. classical conditioning and aversion therapy
- operant conditioning e.g. token economy
- principles of positive reinforcement in the form of primary and secondary reinforcers
- principles of positive reinforcement in the form of primary and secondary reinforcers
- education
- applied in the real world
- EMPHASIS ON NURTURE
- focuses on the environment nature is ignored.
- e.g. would not consider genetics in influencing personality
- e.g. would not consider genetics in influencing personality
- external factors are exaggerated
- if it was just learning, we could all reach our potential
- ignores internal factors
- motivation, emotions, innate abilities
- e.g moral responsibility
- e.g moral responsibility
- motivation, emotions, innate abilities
- ignores internal factors
- if it was just learning, we could all reach our potential
- ETHICAL as it takes the blame away from the individual
- focuses on the environment nature is ignored.
- :( MORE RELEVANT TO ANIMALS
- roots lie in experiments with non animals e.g. pavlov and skinner
- Wolpe - created a phobia in cats by placing them in cages and giving shocks.
- human anxiety might not be the same
- e.g. Wolpe - women fear of insects SD not cure phobia. Husband = insect
- it was repression, not learning = counselling. recommended
- it was repression, not learning = counselling. recommended
- e.g. Wolpe - women fear of insects SD not cure phobia. Husband = insect
- human anxiety might not be the same
- Wolpe - created a phobia in cats by placing them in cages and giving shocks.
- SD was also developed with animals
- roots lie in experiments with non animals e.g. pavlov and skinner
- DETERMINISITIC APPROACH
- behaviour linked by associations e.g. stimulus response(CC), or rewards and punishments( oc)
- People are controlled by environmental factors
- does not consider the processes that occur before we behave - i.e free will
- ie ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM
- people can not make choices, and have no personal or moral responsibility?
- people are not accountable for own wrong doing>
- people can not make choices, and have no personal or moral responsibility?
- ie ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM
- does not consider the processes that occur before we behave - i.e free will
- People are controlled by environmental factors
- behaviour linked by associations e.g. stimulus response(CC), or rewards and punishments( oc)
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