Zusammenfassung der Ressource
French Revolution
- Causes:
- The influence of the Enlightenment
Anmerkungen:
- French intellectuals and the bourgeoisie supported Enlightenment ideas.
- Economic crisis
Anmerkungen:
- French estate was bankrupt as a result of the participation in the American War of Independence.
- Political crisis
Anmerkungen:
- The Estates General brought together representatives of the three estates of de Realm to advise the king on important issues, such as tax increases.
- Clergy and nobility had 300 representatives.
-Middle class and peasantry had 600 representatives.
- Social Crisis
Anmerkungen:
- Nobility and Clergy wanted to protect their traditional economic privileges. They refused to pay taxes.
Middle class and the peasantry were also discontented.
- Major event of the French Revolution
- National Assembly
Anmerkungen:
- the third Estate proposed a new voting system in which each representative would have an individual vote. The King refused .
Third Estate declared themselves the true representatives of the nation.
- Legislative Assembly
Anmerkungen:
- The Girondins (they were more moderate).
The Jacobins (they were more radical).
- The Directory and the Consulate
Anmerkungen:
- By 1795, France moderate middle class, gained more control over the country. They established the Directory (more conservative government composed by 5 members).
In 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte, gained power and create the Consulate(was a group of three leaders)
- Constituent Assembly
Anmerkungen:
- The king agreed to the Third Estate´s demands. At the same time on the 14th july 1789 they attacked the Bastille.
- The Convention
Anmerkungen:
- King Louis XVI was accused of treason and then executed
This was happening under the leadership of Robespierre. The Jacobins persecuted and executed about 42.000 counter- revolutionaries