The French Revolution

Anmerkungen:

• -Enlightened despots failed -Political Revolution ended in Ancien Régime -French Revolution slogan:`Liberty, equality and  fraternity.´

1. The Influence of the Enlightenment

   Anmerkungen:

   • -French intellectuals and the burgeoisie supported Enlightenment ideas and tried to put thm into practise.
2. The political Crisis

   Anmerkungen:

   • -Estates General brought representatives of the three estates of the realm. -Louis XVI (1774-1792)
3. The ecoconomic Crisis

   Anmerkungen:

   • -French state bankrupt -Militar conflicts such as the American War of Independence
4. The social Crisis

   Anmerkungen:

   • -Nobility and clergy wanted to protect their traditional economic privileges. -Middle class and the peasantry:         ·bourgeoisie abolish                   absolute monarch        ·petit bourgeoisie suffer            from economic difficulties       ·peasantry suffered                     economic problems so             they had to pay higher               rent 

Anmerkungen:

• -Louis XVI decided to call together the Estates General in 1788 to increase taxes. 

1. The National Assembly

   Anmerkungen:

   • -Cahier of Doleances
2. The Constituent Assembly

   Anmerkungen:

   • -1st draft of the Constitution -Storming of Bastille (1789) -Legal Reforms -Flight to Varemes -Tennis Court Oath -New Constitution was signed 
3. The Legislative Assembly

   Anmerkungen:

   • -Constitution: New Assembly -2 groups: Girandists suffrage (limited male) and represented the interests of the bourgeoisie and the Jacobins suffrage (universal) and they gained support from the Parsian labourers known as the sans-culottes -Louis XVI -Internal problems -Externals problems
4. The National Convention

   Anmerkungen:

   • 2 stages:  ·Girandin Convention - republican proclamation Louis XVI accused of Treason republican calendar- day 1: 22/9 new warinternational counter revolution (La Vandée) ·Jacobin Convention   -dictatorship called "terror": executions   -Government deal with the European War and the Internal Counter Revolution   -New laws   -1794: Robespierre removed from power
5. The Directory and the Consulate

   Anmerkungen:

   • -Directory  ·moderate middle classes gained control of France  ·more conservative government: 5 Directors in charge  ·censitary suffrage (limited more suffrage)  ·Constitution of year III  ·radically wanted to gain control: Napoleon coup d´etat -The Consulate   ·Napoleon Bonaparte organised a military coup and stablished a new form of government called the Consulate. He include himself as head of state and First Consul.