French Revolution (1789)

Anmerkungen:

• Intellectuals and the burgueoisie supported Enlightenment ideas and wanted to put them into practice.

1. Political

   Anmerkungen:

   • Estates General with their representatives. Clergy and nobility - 300 representatives - 1 vote. Third state   600 representatives - 1 vote. Louis XVI opposed meetings of the Estates General.
2. Social

   Anmerkungen:

   • The three estates of the realm were discontented. Nobility and clergy refused to pay taxes. Middle class - wanted more political participation. Peasantry - suffered economic problems caused by wars, taxes and poor harvests.
3. Economic

   Anmerkungen:

   • Bankrupt because of military conflicts. Also because the royal family spent a lot of money on goods for them. So the solution was to increase taxes.

Anmerkungen:

• Cahiers de doleances Main problem - voting system. -financial problems -social inequalities -feudal rights TENNIS COURT OATH.

Anmerkungen:

• Flight to Varennes (1791) Riots in Bastille, Paris and later in the countryside. Grand Peur. Reforms abolished feudal rights, Declaration of the rights of the man and the citizen. 2nd constitution (1791) - constitutional monarchy, popular sovereignty, separation of powers and male suffrage.

Anmerkungen:

• Two groups Girondins Jacobins Internal and external problems.

Anmerkungen:

• Two stages Girondist Convention Jacobin Convention

Anmerkungen:

• Directory (1795-1799) moderate middle class gained control of France. more conservative - limited suffrage. Constitution of year III. Radicals wanted to gain control - Napoleón installed a coup d'etat. After Napoleón installed a CONSULATE. 3 consuls -Sieyes -Bonaparte -Ducos 1802 - first cónsul for life 1804 EMPEROR.