Industrial Relations & Labour Laws

Introduction
1. 1.1 Labour laws=made by Government, they deal with a worker’s well being in the office: for example working hours, hiring and firing, maternity leave, pension, union formation etc.
2. 1.2 Industrial relation = interactions between employers (businessmen/bosses), employees (workers) and the government (which makes the laws for them)
Constitutional Provisions
1. 1. FR
  1. 1.1 Art 15 = discrimination on religion, race,caste, sex and place of birth.
  2. 1.2 Art 16 = Equal opportunity in Government jobs
  3. 1.3 Art 19 = The right to form union.But it does not carry with it the right to achieve every object. Thus the trade unions have no fundamental to right strike. (it is only a legal right under the industrial dispute Act)
  4. 1.4 Art 21 = right to ‘live’ is not merely confined to physical existence but it includes within its ambit the right to live with human dignity.
  5. 1.5 Art 23 = prohibits ‘bonded / forced labour’
  6. 1.6 Art 24 = Child Labour
  7. 1.7 Art 33 = hose working in armed forces etc cannot enjoy all the fundamental rights.
2. 2. DPSP
  1. 2.1 Art 39 = Free legal aid, health of workers
  2. 2.2 Art 41 = Social security during unemployment.
  3. 2.3 Art 42 = humane conditions of work + Maternity Relief.
3. 3. Concurrent List
  1. 3.1 Regulation of labour and safety in mines and oil fields
  2. 3.2 Trade Unions; industrial and labour disputes.
  3. 3.3 Industrial disputes concerning Union employees
  4. 3.4 Social Security and insurance, employment and unemployment
  5. 3.5 Union agencies and institutions for "Vocational ...training..."
  6. 3.6 Welfare of labour including conditions of work, provident funds, employers "invalidity and old age pension and maternity
Working Hours, Condition of Service & Employment
1. 1. 1948 = Factories Act
2. 2. 1951 = Plantation Act
3. 3. 1952 = Mines Act
4. 4. 1955 = Working Journalists & other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service & Misc.) Act
5. 5. 1958 = Merchant Shipping Act
6. 6. 1961 = Motor Transport Act
7. 7. 1966 = Beedi & Cigar Workers (Condition of Employment Act)
8. 8. 1970 = Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act
9. 9. 1976 = Sales Promotion Employees Act
10. 10. 1979 = Inter State Migrant Workmen ( Regulation of EMployment & Conditions of Service) Act
11. 11. 1986 = Dock Workers (Safety, Health & welfare) Act
12. 12. 1996 = Building & Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment & Conditions of Service) Act
Weaker Sections of Society
1. 1. 1933 = Children Pledging of Labour Act
2. 2. 1976 = Bonded Labour System Abolition Act
3. 3. 1986 = Child Labour Protection & Regulation Act
Industrial Relations
1. 1. 1926 = Trade Unions Act
2. 2. 1946 = Industrial Employment Standing Order Act
3. 3. 1947 = Industrial Disputes Act
Salary
1. 1. 1936 = Payment of Wages Act
2. 2. 1948 = Minimum Wages Act
3. 3. 1965 = Payment of Bonus Act
Women
1. 1976 = Equal Remunration Act
2. 1961 = Maternity Benefit Act
Social Security
1. 1923 = Workmen's Compensation Act
2. 1948 = Employees State Insurance Act
3. 1952 = Employees Provident Fund & Miscellaneous Act
4. 1972 = Payment of Gratuity Act

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Industrial Relations & Labour Laws

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