2.1.3 Software

System Software and Application Software
1. Application Software
  1. Application software is software needed to perform specific tasks, application software is not essential for the computer to run
    1. Application software can be things like: Word Processors Spreadsheet Software Database Software Game Software Graphic design software or Web browsers
    2. Custom written software is software you develop or design to perform a task that off-the-shelf software cannot do.
    3. Off-the-shelf software is products that are ready-made and available for sale to the general public.
2. System Software
  1. System software is software needed for the computer to function
    1. There are 4 different types of system software: Utility software, Translator software, Library software and Operating systems
    2. Utility software is system software designed to help analyze, configure, optimize or maintain a computer.
  2. Operating system is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
    1. Application programs usually require an operating system to function.
    2. The operating system is a component of the system software in a computer system.
  3. Anti-virus, Firewalls and Spyware protection are all utility software
    1. Anti-virus software protect you from viruses which go on your computer and destroy the operating system
    2. Spyware protection protects you from spyware which logs bank account details and personal details about you
    3. Firewall software protects you from other networks and computers interfering with your network and computer
History of the Operating systems
1. Windows and Bill Gates
  1. In 1975 Bill Gates partnered with Paul Allen to form windows, at first they started out small with a huge vision which later became a reality.
  2. Then came 3.0 which sold millions of copies. Then here we are on Windows 10 with millions of users and the most popular operating system in the world.
  3. On November 20, 1985, two years after the initial announcement, Microsoft ships Windows 1.0 which was the first operating system with a mouse. Then came windows 2.0 with desktop icons.
2. Linux and Linus Torvalds
  1. Linux was created in 1991 in Helsinki, Finland by Linus Torvalds when he was 21 when he made it; he is now worth around £99,467,500.
  2. With linux having millions of user worldwide, his operating system which was just a small project is now huge with constant development and lots of platforms inclucing Ubuntu and Kubuntu.
The User Interface
1. The user interface is the means by which the user and a computer system interact, in particular the use of input devices and software.
2. The user interface on most modern smartphones eg. IPhone 6 is a real time interface (touch screen)
3. Users use a touchscreen to control a phone, this is the input the touchscreen is tapped which makes a action happen. Eg. Someone touches the screen where the app “Facebook” this causes Facebook to open and then you can touch the screen to perform other tasks in that program.
Defragmentation
1. Defragmentation is the process of locating the noncontiguous fragments of data into which a computer file may be divided as it is stored on a hard disk, and rearranging the fragments and restoring them into fewer fragments or into the whole file.
2. Defragmenting can help speed up your PC, defragmenting speeds up locating files in your hard drive because its properly ordered. People often defrag when their PC becomes slow at retrieving files
3. There are lots of programs which are avialable to download which can defrag, the best in my opinion is windows 7 defragger

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2.1.3 Software

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