Zusammenfassung der Ressource
HUMAN RIGHTS
- Rights held to be justifiably belonging to any person
- human individuality is the most fundamental moral unit of analysis
- human individuals are morally equal
- In the past HR not a legitimate international concern
- Post-WW2 and awareness of the holocaust
- UN declaration on Human Rights - 10th December 1948
- "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security... no one shall be subjected to torture or cruel
inhumane or degrading treatment of punishment"
- Historical Perspective
- Edmund Burke
- HR make sense only within a national tradition
- Jeremy Bentham
- rights must have a legal framework to be protected
- Feminists
- women's rights are violated by men
- Marxists
- bourgeosis, individualistic, if there were no threats (from
capitalism) there would be no need for HR
- The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 1789
- "The main aim of all political association is the conservation of the natural and undeniable rights of man"
- Magna Carta 1215
- freedom from imprisonment and dispossession of property and from prosecution
- Basis for Justification
- Common humanity - subsistence, security, respect
- Shared threats to humanity - oppression and insecurity
- Obligation - not to harm others and assist those in need
- widely accepted principle and norms but weak mechanisms of international implementation producing a system of national
implementation of international human rights regime